© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
The development of constrained devices for the internet of things (IoT) presents lots of challenges to software developers who build applications on top of these devices. Many applications in this domain have severe non-functional requirements related to timing properties, which are important concerns that have to be handled. By using real-time operating systems (RTOSs), developers have greater productivity, as they provide native support for real-time properties handling. Some of the key points in the software development for IoT in these constrained devices, like task synchronisation and network communications, are already solved by this provided real-time support. However, different RTOSs offer different degrees of support to the different demanded real-time properties. Observing this aspect, this study presents a set of benchmark tests on the selected open source and proprietary RTOSs focused on the IoT. The benchmark results show that there is no clear winner, as each RTOS performs well at least on some criteria, but general conclusions can be drawn on the suitability of each of them according to their performance evaluation in the obtained results.
References
-
-
1)
-
20. Yiu, J.: ‘A beginner's guide on interrupt latency – and interrupt latency of the arm cortex-m processors’, .
-
2)
-
3)
-
1. Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., et al: ‘Internet of things: a survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications’, IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor., 2015, 17, (4), pp. 2347–2376.
-
4)
-
5)
-
6)
-
7. Hahm, O., Baccelli, E., Petersen, H., et al: ‘Operating systems for low-end devices in the internet of things: a survey’, IEEE Internet Things J., 2016, 3, (5), pp. 720–734.
-
7)
-
4. Dunkels, A., Gronvall, B., Voigt, T.: ‘Contiki – a lightweight and flexible operating system for tiny networked sensors’. 29th Annual IEEE Int. Conf. on Local Computer Networks, 2004, pp. 455–462.
-
8)
-
9)
-
8. Mohamad, R., Aziz, M.W., Jawawi, D.N.A., et al: ‘Service identification guideline for developing distributed embedded real-time systems’, IET Softw., 2012, 6, (1), pp. 74–82.
-
10)
-
10. Tan, S.L., Nguyen, B.A.T.: ‘Survey and performance evaluation of real-time operating systems (RTOS) for small microcontrollers’, IEEE Micro, 2009, PP, (99), pp. 1–1.
-
11)
-
12)
-
11. Garcia-Martinez, A., Conde, J.F., Vina, A.: ‘A comprehensive approach in performance evaluation for modern real-time operating systems’. Proc. EUROMICRO 96. 22nd Euromicro Conf. on Beyond 2000: Hardware and Software Design Strategies, 1996, pp. 61–68.
-
13)
-
25. I.E.T. Force: ‘The constrained application protocol (COAP)’, .
-
14)
-
5. L. Foundation: ‘Zephyr project’, .
-
15)
-
9. Bertolotti, I.C., Kashani, G.G.Z.: ‘On the performance of open-source RTOS synchronization primitives’. 2015 IEEE 1st Int. Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry Leveraging a better tomorrow (RTSI), 2015, pp. 398–402.
-
16)
-
3. I. E. T. Force: ‘Terminology for constrained-node networks’, .
-
17)
-
13. eSysTech: ‘X real time kernel’, .
-
18)
-
26. T. Instruments: ‘Chronos: wireless development tool in a watch’, .
-
19)
-
18. AspenCore: ‘2017 embedded markets study’, .
-
20)
-
23. I.E.T. Force: ‘RPL: Ipv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks’, .
-
21)
-
14. Dong, W., Chen, C., Liu, X., et al: ‘Senspire OS: a predictable, flexible, and efficient operating system for wireless sensor networks’, IEEE Trans. Comput., 2011, 60, (12), pp. 1788–1801.
-
22)
-
2. Mosterman, P.J., Zander, J.: ‘Cyber-physical systems challenges: a needs analysis for collaborating embedded software systems’, Softw. Syst. Model., 2016, 15, (1), pp. 5–16. .
-
23)
-
21. W. high integrity systems: ‘OPENRTOS, part of embedded FreeRTOS – OPENRTOS – SAFERTOS family’, .
-
24)
-
16. L. Foundation: ‘μC/OS-III documentation home’, .
-
25)
-
6. Baccelli, E., Hahm, O., Gunes, M., et al: ‘RIOT OS: towards an OS for the internet of things’. 2013 IEEE Conf. on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS), 2013, pp. 79–80.
-
26)
-
12. Renaux, D.P.B.: ‘Comparative performance evaluation of CMSIS-RTOS’. 2014 Brazilian Symp. on Computing Systems Engineering, 2014, pp. 126–131.
-
27)
-
22. I.E.T. Force: ‘Transmission of ipv6 packets over IEEE 802.15.4 networks’, .
-
28)
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-sen.2017.0048
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-sen.2017.0048
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6