Virtual multichannel SAR for ground moving target imaging

Alessio Bacci; Marco Martorella; Douglas Andrew Gray; Samuele Gelli; Fabrizio Berizzi

Virtual multichannel SAR for ground moving target imaging

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Author(s): Alessio Bacci ^{1, 2, 3} ; Marco Martorella ^{1, 3} ; Douglas Andrew Gray ² ; Samuele Gelli ^{1, 3} ; Fabrizio Berizzi ^{1, 3}
- Affiliations: 1: Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy ;
  2: EEE School, University of Adelaide Radar Research Centre, Australia ;
  3: CNIT Radar and Surveillance System (RaSS) National Laboratory, Pisa, Italy
Source: Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2016, p. 50 – 62
DOI: 10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0128 , Print ISSN 1751-8784, Online ISSN 1751-8792

Received 27/02/2015, Accepted 10/10/2015, Revised 01/09/2015, Published 01/01/2016

Slow moving ground targets are invisible within synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images since they appear defocused and their backscattered signal completely overlap the focused ground return. In order for this targets to be detected and refocused the availability of some spatial degrees of freedom is required. This allows for space/slow time processing to be applied to mitigate the ground clutter. However, multichannel SAR (M-SAR) systems are very expensive and the requirements in terms of baseline length can be very restrictive. In this study a processing scheme that exploits high PRF single channel SAR system to emulate a multichannel SAR is presented. The signal model for both target and clutter components are presented and the difference with respect to an actual M-SAR are highlighted. The effectiveness of the proposed processing is then demonstrated on simulated a measured dataset.

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