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access icon free Dynamic waveform selection for manoeuvering target tracking in clutter

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 23/10/2012, Accepted 24/03/2013, Revised 31/01/2013, Published

In recent years, cognitive radar (CR) with waveform diversity has exhibited significant performance improvements over the traditional fixed waveform radar and become an area of vigorous research and development. This study presents a dynamic waveform selection algorithm to strive for tracking error minimisation for CR manoeuvering target tracking in clutter. Based on the concepts of resolution cell and measurement extraction cell, the statistical characteristics of radar measurements are discussed without dependence upon the Cramér-Rao lower bound of the measurement errors and the high signal-to-noise ratio assumption. A particle filter combined with probabilistic data association is used as a tracker. To quantify the utility of available waveforms, the predicted tracking mean-square error, because of its dependence on actual future measurements, is approximated efficiently via Gaussian fitting of the prior density of the target state and statistical linearisation of the measurement equation. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed dynamic waveform selection algorithm can improve tracking performance considerably, especially in terms of track loss probability.

Inspec keywords: statistical analysis; probability; mean square error methods; approximation theory; radar clutter; measurement errors; particle filtering (numerical methods); Monte Carlo methods; radar tracking; Gaussian processes; cognitive radio

Other keywords: Monte Carlo simulation; radar measurements; Crame�r-Rao lower bound; measurement extraction cell; probabilistic data association; cognitive radar; signal-to-noise ratio assumption; dynamic waveform selection algorithm; Gaussian fitting; fixed waveform radar; statistical characteristics; measurement errors; statistical linearisation; waveform diversity; target state; resolution cell concepts; particle filter; CR manoeuvering target tracking; tracking error minimisation; track loss probability; predicted tracking mean-square error

Subjects: Radar equipment, systems and applications; Monte Carlo methods; Radar theory; Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis)

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