This study addresses a detailed design and tuning of a wind power plant voltage control with reactive power contribution of wind turbines and static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs). First, small-signal models of a single wind turbine and STATCOM are derived by using the state-space approach. A complete phasor model of the entire wind power plant is constructed, being appropriate for voltage control assessment. An exemplary wind power plant located in the United Kingdom and the corresponding grid code requirements are used as a base case. The final design and tuning process of the voltage controller results in a guidance, proposed for this particular control architecture. It provides qualitative outcomes regarding the parametrisation of each individual control loop and how to adjust the voltage controller depending on different grid stiffnesses of the wind power plant connection. The performance of the voltage controller is analysed by means of a real-time digital simulation system. The impact of discretising the controller being initially developed in continuous-time domain is shown by various study cases.

References

1. 1)
  - 8. Sun, J.: ‘Small-signal methods for ac distributed power systems–a review’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2009, 24, (11), pp. 2545–2554.
2. 2)
  - 7. National Grid Electricity Transmission The Grid Code. Issue 5. Revision 13 2015, National Grid Electricity Transmission. Std.
3. 3)
  - 16. AAU: ‘Smart energy systems laboratory’, Aalborg University’. Available at www.smart-energy-systemslab.et.aau.dk, accessed June 2016.
4. 4)
  - 2. Rodriguez-Amenedo, J., Arnaltes, S., Rodriguez, M.: ‘Operation and coordinated control of fixed and variable speed wind farms’, Renew. Energy, 2008, 33, (3), pp. 406–414.
5. 5)
  - 12. IEEE: ‘IEEE recommended practice for industrial and commercial power systems analysis’, 1997. Available: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=18478.
6. 6)
  - 14. Ceanga, E., Nichita, C., Protin, L., et al: ‘Theorie de la commande des systemes’, Ed. Tehnica, Bucarest, 2001.
7. 7)
  - 11. Petersen, L., Kryezi, F.: ‘Wind power plant control optimisation with embedded application of wind turbines and STATCOMs’. Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 2015, ISBN: 978-87-92846-55-6.
8. 8)
  - 10. Kundur, P., Balu, N.J., Lauby, M.G.: ‘Power system stability and control’ (McGraw-hill, New York, 1994), vol. 7.
9. 9)
  - 6. Santina, M.S., Stubberud, A.R.: ‘Discrete-time equivalents to continuous-time systems’, Control Syst. Robot. Autom., 2009, II, pp. 1–11.
10. 10)
  - 19. AAU, DTU, and Vestas, RePlan Project ‘Ancillary Services from Renewable Power Plants’. Available at www.replanproject.dk, accessed June 2016.
11. 11)
  - 17. Mehrdad Babazadeh, K.N.: ‘Wind power plant control system, wind power plant including wind power plant control system and method of controlling wind power plant’, Patent: US20150219074 A1, 2015.
12. 12)
  - 9. Wen, B., Boroyevich, D., Burgos, R., et al: ‘Analysis of dq small-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2015, 31, pp. 675–687.
13. 13)
  - 15. Varga, A.: ‘Balancing free square-root algorithm for computing singular perturbation approximations’. Proc. of the 30th IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control. IEEE, 1991, pp. 1062–1065.
14. 14)
  - 3. Huang, H., Mao, C., Lu, J., et al: ‘Small-signal modelling and analysis of wind turbine with direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator connected to power grid’, IET Renew. Power Gener., 2012, 6, (1), pp. 48–58.
15. 15)
  - 18. Hewitt, M.: ‘Technote 42 - modbus rs-485 timing issues’, Obvius, 2012.
16. 16)
  - 1. Hansen, A.D., Sørensen, P., Iov, F., et al: ‘Centralised power control of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators’, Renew. Energy, 2006, 31, (7), pp. 935–951.
17. 17)
  - 4. Adamczyk, A.G.: ‘Damping of low frequency power system oscillations with wind power plants’. Ph.D. dissertation, The Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, 2012.
18. 18)
  - 13. Garcia, J.M.: ‘Voltage control in wind power plants with doubly fed generators’. Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, The Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg, 2010.
19. 19)
  - 5. Martinez, J., Kjær, P.C., Rodriguez, P., et al: ‘Design and analysis of a slope voltage control for a dfig wind power plant’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2012, 27, (1), pp. 11–20.

Design and tuning of wind power plant voltage controller with embedded application of wind turbines and STATCOMs

References

Related content