Your browser does not support JavaScript!
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com
1887

access icon free Wave energy park power quality impact and collection grid economic assessment

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 15/04/2014, Accepted 22/10/2014, Revised 12/09/2014, Published 10/12/2014

In this study, a wave park is analysed from the economic and electrical points of view. The system under consideration goes from each wave energy unit up to the point of common connection with the main grid. Time series are obtained from simulation models for a scaled prototype and include data for mild, medium and strong sea states. The simulation models have been validated against the small scale tank testing of a prime mover, a wave rider buoy and a scaled testing of the power take-off in a land-based test rig. The design of the proposed wave park layout aims to minimise its cost and power losses. A life-cycle analysis of the park is performed showing that around 30 €/MWh will be the share of the electricity price required to install and operate the wave park grid. The power quality of the wave park and its compliance with regulations are also analysed. Special emphasis is put in the study of flicker emissions concluding that the proposed wave park is within the grid code limitations and even a reduction of a 66% in the flicker coefficients is reported when considering the aggregation of several units in one model.

Inspec keywords: power generation economics; power markets; time series; power grids; wave power plants; power supply quality; remaining life assessment; pricing

Other keywords: wave energy unit; power losses; wave energy park power quality impact; life-cycle analysis; scale tank testing; flicker emissions; flicker coefficients; cost minimization; grid code; power take-off scaled testing; time series; point of common connection; collection grid economic assessment; wave park grid; electricity price; wave rider buoy; wave park layout; prime mover; land-based test rig

Subjects: Power supply quality and harmonics; Power system management, operation and economics; Wave power

References

    1. 1)
    2. 2)
      • 10. Sharkey, F., Bannon, E., Conlon, M., Gauhgan, K.: ‘Dynamic electrical ratings and the economics of capacity factor for wave energy converter arrays’. Ninth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conf. (EWTEC) August 2011.
    3. 3)
      • 9. Tietje, E.D.: ‘International standards for the appraisal of wave energy converters’. OCEANS 2009, MTS/IEEE Biloxi – Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges, 26–29 October 2009, pp. 1–5.
    4. 4)
      • 3. Ahmed, T., Nishida, K., Nakaoka, M.: ‘Grid power integration technologies for offshore ocean wave energy’. IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2010, 12–16 September 2010, pp. 2378–2385, doi: 10.1109/ECCE.2010.5617896.
    5. 5)
      • 5. Shek, J.K.H., Macpherson, D.E., Mueller, M.A.: ‘Power conversion for wave energy applications’. 5th IET Int. Conf. on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2010), 19–21 April 2010, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1049/cp.2010.0019.
    6. 6)
      • 25. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service. Proserv Offshore. ‘Decommissioning Cost Update for Removing Pacific OCS Region Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities’. Project No. 29056-11. 10 January 2010.
    7. 7)
      • 18. Sidenmark, M., Josefsson, A., Berghuvud, A., Broman, G.: ‘The ocean harvester – modeling, simulation and experimental validation’. Eighth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conf. (EWTEC), 2009.
    8. 8)
      • 1. McArthur, S., Brekken, T.K.A.: ‘Ocean wave power data generation for grid integration studies’. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2010, 25–29 July 2010, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589711.
    9. 9)
      • 24. Lundberg, S.: ‘Performance comparison of wind park configurations’. Technical report 30R’, Department of Electric Power Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 2003.
    10. 10)
      • 15. Tedeschi, E., Santos, M., Ricci, P., Molinas, M., Villate, J.L.: ‘Control strategies for the grid integration of wave energy converters at the biscay marine energy platform’. Nineth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conf. (EWTEC), August 2011.
    11. 11)
      • 2. Jones, A.T., Westwood, A.: ‘Recent progress in offshore renewable energy technology development’. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 2017–2022. doi: 10.1109/PES.2005.1489372.
    12. 12)
      • 30. Blavette, A.: ‘Grid integration of wave energy & generic modelling of ocean devices for power system studies’. PhD Thesis, University College Cork, 2013.
    13. 13)
      • 20. Trilla, L., Thiringer, T., Sahlin, S., Andersson, T.: ‘Wave farm collection grid analysis and design’. Technical report – Department of Energy and Environment, Division of Electric Power Engineering, Göteborg, Chalmers University of Technology, 2013.
    14. 14)
      • 12. Miceli, R., Trapanese, M.: ‘Evaluation of the power quality from a sea wave power farm for different interconnection schemes’. OCEANS 2007, 18–21 June 2007, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2007.4302441.
    15. 15)
      • 26. National Grid Electricity Transmission, UK, The grid code. Issue 5. Revision 2. 11–13 January 2013.
    16. 16)
      • 19. Josefsson, A., Berghuvud, A., Ahlin, K., Broman, G.: ‘Performance of a wave energy converter with mechanical energy smoothing’. Nineth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conf. (EWTEC), August 2011.
    17. 17)
      • 14. Lafoz, M., Blanco, M., Ramirez, D.: ‘Grid connection for wave power farms’. Proc. of Power Electronics and Applications (EPE 2011), August 2011, pp. 1–10.
    18. 18)
      • 23. ElByggnadsRationalisering Kostnadskatalog 2012. Website: http://www.svenskenergi.se.
    19. 19)
      • 4. Kazmierkowski, M.P., Jasinski, M.: ‘Power electronics for renewable sea wave energy’. Proc. of 12th Int. Conf. on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, OPTIM, 2010.
    20. 20)
      • 16. Blavette, A., O'Sullivan, D.L., Lewis, A.W., Egan, M.: ‘Impact of a wave farm on its local grid: Voltage limits, flicker level and power fluctuations’. OCEANS 2012, 21–24 May 2012, pp. 1–9, doi: 10.1109/OCEANS-Yeosu.2012.6263552.
    21. 21)
      • 28. Thiringer, T.: ‘Research program of the Utgrunden demonstration offshore wind farm’. Final report, Part 3, Wp 2′, Department of Energy and Environment. Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, 2005.
    22. 22)
      • 21. ‘A report prepared by the RAMBOLL and LNEG to the OES-IA under the Annex II – Guidelines for development and testing of ocean energy systems. Task 1.1 Generic and Site-related Wave Energy Data’. September 2010. Document T02–1.1.
    23. 23)
      • 6. Thresher, R.: ‘A commercialization path and challenges for marine hydrokinetic renewable energy’. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2011, 24–29 July 2011, pp. 1–8, doi: 10.1109/PES.2011.6039092.
    24. 24)
      • 7. Sjolte, J., Bjerke, I., Crozier, A., Tjensvoll, G., Molinas, M.: ‘All-electric wave energy power take off system with improved power quality at the grid connection point’. 2012 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conf. and Exposition (T&D), 7–10 May 2012, pp. 1–7, doi: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281645.
    25. 25)
      • 17. Ahmed, T., Nishida, K., Nakaoka, M.: ‘The commercial advancement of 16 MW offshore wave power generation technologies in the southwest of the UK’. Proc. of Eighth Int. Conf. on Power Electronics, ECCE Asia, June 2011, 2.
    26. 26)
      • 22. XLPE Cable Systems: User's guide. ABB Revision 2.
    27. 27)
    28. 28)
    29. 29)
      • 27. Blavette, A., O'Sullivan, D.L., Alcorn, R., Lewis, T.W., Egan, M.G.: ‘Impact of a medium-size wave farm on grids of different strength levels’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2013, 29, (2), pp. 1–7.
    30. 30)
      • 13. Ahmed, T., Nishida, K., Nakaoka, M.: ‘The potential for grid power integration of offshore ocean wave energy in the UK’. 2010 Int. Power Electronics Conf. (IPEC), 21–24 June 2010, pp. 3204–3211, doi: 10.1109/IPEC.2010.5542007.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0139
Loading

Related content

content/journals/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0139
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6
Loading
Print this page
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address