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access icon free In vitro germination and biochemical profiling of citrus reticulata in response to green synthesised zinc and copper nanoparticles

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 24/12/2016, Accepted 15/05/2017, Revised 17/04/2017, Published 17/05/2017

Green synthesis of nanoparticles by using plants is an emerging class of nanobiotechnology. It revolutionizes all the fields of nanobiotechnology by synthesizing chemical-free nanoparticles for various purposes. In the present study, zinc and copper nanoparticles were synthesized by using the white leaves of Allium cepa and further characterized through Zeta analyzer and Scanning electron microscopy. Zeta analyzer elucidated that zinc nanoparticles ranged from 8-32 nm while copper nanoparticles ranged from 15-30 nm. Scanning electron microscopy clarified that zinc nanoparticles were irregular while copper nanoparticles were spherical in shape. The effects of green synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated on the germination frequency and biochemical parameters of plant tissues. The nucellus tissues were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 30 µg/ml suspension of zinc and copper nanoparticles. Green synthesized nanoparticles enhanced the in vitro germination parameters because of their low toxicity and high efficacy. Significant results were obtained for germination parameters in response to the applications of zinc nanoparticles as compared to copper nanoparticles. These nanoparticles could also induce stress in plantlets by manipulating the endogenous mechanism as a result various defence compounds are produced which have potential in treating various human ailments. Copper nanoparticles showed higher toxicity as compared to zinc nanoparticles and triggered the production of antioxidative enzymes and non- enzymatic compounds.

Inspec keywords: electrokinetic effects; biological techniques; nanoparticles; biochemistry; toxicology; biological tissues; copper; zinc; nanofabrication; nanobiotechnology; scanning electron microscopy; botany

Other keywords: nucellus tissues; nonenzymatic compounds; scanning electron microscopy; white leaves; green chemistry; in vitro germination; onion extract; shoot length; size 8 nm to 32 nm; secondary metabolites; zeta analyser; citrus reticulata; plantlets; antioxidative enzymes; Allium cepa; Murashige-Skoog medium; green synthesised copper nanoparticles; Cu; Zn; nanoparticles synthesis; root length; green synthesised zinc nanoparticles; biochemical profiling; seedling vigour index; human ailments; biologically synthesised nanoparticles; endogenous mechanism; toxicity

Subjects: Biophysical instrumentation and techniques; Methods of nanofabrication and processing; Physical chemistry of biomolecular solutions and condensed states; Electrochemistry and electrophoresis

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