Component analyses of urinary nanocrystallites of uric acid stone formers by combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fast Fourier transformation, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- Author(s): Xin-Yuan Sun 1 ; Jun-Fa Xue 1 ; Zhi-Yue Xia 1 ; Jian-Ming Ouyang 1
-
-
View affiliations
-
Affiliations:
1:
Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
-
Affiliations:
1:
Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Source:
Volume 9, Issue 3,
June 2015,
p.
114 – 121
DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0017 , Print ISSN 1751-8741, Online ISSN 1751-875X
This study aimed to analyse the components of nanocrystallites in urines of patients with uric acid (UA) stones. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), fast Fourier transformation (FFT) of HRTEM, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyse the components of these nanocrystallites. XRD and FFT showed that the main component of urinary nanocrystallites was UA, which contains a small amount of calcium oxalate monohydrate and phosphates. EDS showed the characteristic absorption peaks of C, O, Ca and P. The formation of UA stones was closely related to a large number of UA nanocrystallites in urine. A combination of HRTEM, FFT, EDS and XRD analyses could be performed accurately to analyse the components of urinary nanocrystallites.
Inspec keywords: calcium compounds; infrared spectra; nanostructured materials; carbon; calcium; transmission electron microscopy; diseases; fast Fourier transforms; oxygen; Fourier transform spectra; spectrochemical analysis; X-ray chemical analysis; phosphorus compounds; patient diagnosis; phosphorus; X-ray diffraction
Other keywords: oxygen characteristic absorption peaks; phosphates; uric acid stones; carbon characteristic absorption peaks; phosphorus characteristic absorption peaks; X-ray diffraction; calcium characteristic absorption peaks; Ca; O; calcium oxalate monohydrate; urinary nanocrystallite component analysis; energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; high-resolution transmission electron microscopy; fast Fourier transformation; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; P; C
Subjects: Electromagnetic radiation spectrometry (chemical analysis); Biomedical measurement and imaging; Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation
References
-
-
1)
-
20. Gui, B.S., Xie, R., Zhao, M.X., Li, M.R., Ouyang, J.M.: ‘Composition and morphology of nanocrystals in urines of lithogenic patients and healthy persons’, Bioinorg. Chem. Appl., 2009, 925297, pp. 1–7 (doi: 10.1155/2009/925297).
-
-
2)
-
3. Bharathi, B.K., Shivakumar, H.B., Soumya, N.S.: ‘Depleted antioxidant vitamins and enhanced oxidative stress in urolithiasis’, Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci., 2013, 3, pp. 71–75.
-
-
3)
-
7. Strohmaier, W.L., Seilnacht, J., Schubert, G.: ‘Clinical significance of uric acid dihydrate in urinary stones’, Urol. Res., 2011, 39, pp. 357–360 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-010-0356-4).
-
-
4)
-
13. Fazil Marickar, Y.M., Lekshmi, P.R., Varma, L., Koshy, P.: ‘Elemental distribution analysis of urinary crystals’, Urol. Res., 2009, 37, pp. 277–282 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-009-0203-7).
-
-
5)
-
17. King, M., McClure, W.F., Andrews, L.C.: ‘Powder diffraction file alphabetic index, inorganic phases/organic phases’ (International Center for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA, 1992).
-
-
6)
-
10. Grases, F., Sanchis, P., Isern, B., Perelló, J., Costa-Bauza, A.: ‘Uric acid as inducer of calcium oxalate crystal development’, Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 2007, 41, pp. 26–31 (doi: 10.1080/00365590600831571).
-
-
7)
-
1. Ghumman, C.A., Carreira, O.M., Moutinho, A.C., Tolstogouzov, A., Vassilenko, V., Teodoro, O.N.D.: ‘Identification of human calculi with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry’, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, 2010, 24, pp. 185–190 (doi: 10.1002/rcm.4376).
-
-
8)
-
11. Fazil Marickar, Y.M., Lekshmi, P.R., Varma, L., Koshy, P.: ‘EDAX versus FTIR in mixed stones’, Urol. Res., 2009, 37, pp. 271–276 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-009-0202-8).
-
-
9)
-
21. Fogazzi, G.B.: ‘Crystalluria: a neglected aspect of urinary sediment analysis’, Nephrol. Dial. Transplant, 1996, 11, pp. 379–387 (doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027276).
-
-
10)
-
24. Kuo, K.H.: ‘A brief history of metallography: VI. Application of electron microscopy in materials science’, Mater. Sci. Eng. (in Chinese), 2002, 20, pp. 5–9.
-
-
11)
-
38. Cullity, B.D., Stock, S.: ‘Elements of X-ray diffractions’ (Addison Wesley, London, 1978), p. 102.
-
-
12)
-
15. He, J.Y., Deng, S.P., Ouyang, J.M.: ‘Morphology, size distribution, aggregation, and crystal phase of nanocrystallites in urines of healthy persons and lithogenic patients’, IEEE Trans. Nanobiosci., 2010, 9, pp. 156–163 (doi: 10.1109/TNB.2010.2045510).
-
-
13)
-
30. Eisner, B.H., Sheth, S., Dretler, S.P., Herrick, B., Pais, V.M.: ‘Abnormalities of 24-hour urine composition in first-time and recurrent stone-formers’, Urology, 2012, 80, pp. 776–779 (doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.06.034).
-
-
14)
-
31. Trinchieri, A., Ostini, F., Nespoli, R., Rovera, F., Montanari, E., Zanetti, G.: ‘A prospective study of recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrence after a first renal stone’, J. Urol., 1999, 162, pp. 27–30 (doi: 10.1097/00005392-199907000-00007).
-
-
15)
-
34. Bouropoulos, C., Vagenas, N., Klepetsanis, P., Stavropoulos, N., Bouropoulos, N.: ‘Growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate on uric acid crystals at sustained supersaturation’, Res. Technol., 2004, 39, pp. 699–704 (doi: 10.1002/crat.200310241).
-
-
16)
-
27. Balaji, K.C., Menon, M.: ‘Mechanism of stone formation’, Urol. Clin. North. Am., 1997, 24, pp. 1–11 (doi: 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70350-5).
-
-
17)
-
2. Coe, F., Evan, A., Worcester, E.: ‘Kidney stone disease’, J. Clin. Invest., 2005, 115, pp. 2598–2608 (doi: 10.1172/JCI26662).
-
-
18)
-
25. Coe, F.L., Evan, A., Worcester, E.M., Lingeman, J.E.: ‘Three pathways for human kidney stone formation’, Urol. Res., 2010, 38, pp. 147–160 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-010-0271-8).
-
-
19)
-
4. Vezzoli, G., Terranegra, A., Arcidiacono, T., Soldati, L.: ‘Genetics and calcium nephrolithiasis’, Kidney Int., 2011, 80, pp. 587–593 (doi: 10.1038/ki.2010.430).
-
-
20)
-
32. Öhman, S., Larsson, L., Tiselius, H.G.: ‘Clinical significance of phosphate in calcium oxalate renal stones’, Ann. Clin. Biochem., 1992, 29, pp. 59–63 (doi: 10.1177/000456329202900108).
-
-
21)
-
14. Ouyang, J.M., Xia, Z.Y., Zhang, G.N., Chen, H.Q.: ‘Nanocrystallites in urine and their relationship with the formation of kidney stones’, Rev. Inorg. Chem., 2012, 32, pp. 101–110 (doi: 10.1515/revic-2012-0002).
-
-
22)
-
26. Coe, F.L., Parks, J.H.: ‘Pathogenesis and treatment of nephrolithiasis’ (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2000), pp. 1841–1867.
-
-
23)
-
22. Thurgood, L.A., Ryall, R.L.: ‘Proteomic analysis of proteins selectively associated with hdroxyapatite, brushite, and uric acid crystals precipitated from human urine’, J. Proteome Res., 2010, 9, pp. 5402–5412 (doi: 10.1021/pr1006312).
-
-
24)
-
12. Fazil Marickar, Y.M., Lekshmi, P.R., Varma, L., Koshy, P.: ‘Problem in analyzing cystine stones using FTIR spectroscopy’, Urol. Res., 2009, 37, pp. 263–299 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-009-0207-3).
-
-
25)
-
29. Wiederkehr, M.R., Moe, O.W.: ‘Uric Acid nephrolithiasis: a systemic metabolic disorder’, Clin. Rev. Bone. Miner. Metab., 2011, 9, pp. 207–217 (doi: 10.1007/s12018-011-9106-6).
-
-
26)
-
37. Grases, F., Villacampa, A.I., Costa-Bauzá, A., Söhnel, O.: ‘Uric acid calculi: types, etiology and mechanisms of formation’, Clin. Chim. Acta., 2000, 302, pp. 89–104 (doi: 10.1016/S0009-8981(00)00359-4).
-
-
27)
-
9. Grases, F., Costa-Bauzá, A., Gomila, I., Ramis, M., García-Raja, A., Prieto, R.M.: ‘Urinary pH and renal lithiasis’, Urol. Res., 2012, 40, pp. 41–46 (doi: 10.1007/s00240-011-0389-3).
-
-
28)
-
19. Moawad, M.M.: ‘Complexation and thermal studies of uric acid with some divalent and trivalent metal ions of biological interest in the solid state’, J. Coord. Chem., 2002, 50, pp. 61–78 (doi: 10.1080/00958970211872).
-
-
29)
-
16. Srinivasan, S., Kalaiselvi, P., Sakthivel, R., Pragasam, V., Muthu, V., Varalakshmi, P.: ‘Uric acid: an abettor or protector in calcium oxalate urolithiasis? Biochemical study in stone formers’, Clin. Chim. Acta., 2005, 353, pp. 45–51 (doi: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.09.024).
-
-
30)
-
6. Sakhaee, K., Maalouf, N.M., Sinnott, B.: ‘Kidney stones 2012: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management’, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2012, 97, pp. 1847–1860 (doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-3492).
-
-
31)
-
35. Murayama, T., Sakai, N., Yamada, T., Takano, T.: ‘Role of the diurnal variation of urinary pH and urinary calcium in urolithiasis: a study in outpatients’, Int. J. Urol., 2001, 8, pp. 525–532 (doi: 10.1046/j.1442-2042.2001.00366.x).
-
-
32)
-
39. Ma, Z., Kyotani, T., Tomita, A.: ‘Synthesis methods for preparing microporous carbons with a structural regularity of zeolite Y’, Carbon, 2002, 13, pp. 2367–2374 (doi: 10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00120-3).
-
-
33)
-
28. Shekarriz, B., Stoller, M.L.: ‘Uric acid nephrolithiasis: current concepts and controversies’, J. Urol., 2002, 168, pp. 1307–1314 (doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64439-4).
-
-
34)
-
36. Chandra, A.K., Zeegers-Huyskens, T.: ‘Theoretical study of the acidity and basicity of uric acid and its interaction with water’, J. Mol. Struct., THEOCHEM, 2007, 811, pp. 215–221 (doi: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.02.021).
-
-
35)
-
33. Adair, J.H., Aylmore, L.A.G., Brockis, J.G., Bowyer, R.C.: ‘An electrophoretic mobility study of uric acid with special reference to kidney stone formation’, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1988, 124, pp. 1–13 (doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(88)90318-9).
-
-
36)
-
18. Donnet, M., Jongen, N., Lemaitre, J., Bowen, P.: ‘New morphology of calcium oxalate trihydrate precipitated in a segmented flow tubular reactor’, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 2000, 19, pp. 749–750 (doi: 10.1023/A:1006771428827).
-
-
37)
-
5. Fazil Marickar, Y.M., Salim, A.: ‘Clinical risk index in urolithiasis’, Urol. Res., 2009, 37, pp. 28–58.
-
-
38)
-
8. Zhang, G.N., Ouyang, J.M., Xue, J.F., Shang, Y.F.: ‘Property changes of urinary nanocrystallites and urine of uric acid stone formers after taking potassium citrate’, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, Mater. Biol. Appl., 2013, 33, pp. 4039–4045 (doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.049).
-
-
39)
-
23. Mandel, I., Mandel, N.: ‘Structure and compositional analysis of kidney stones’, in Stoller, M.L., Meng, M.V. (Eds.): ‘Urinary stone disease: the practical guide to surgical management’ (Springer, New York, 2007).
-
-
1)