© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Two heterogeneous network simulation tools are compared and tested against measured data from terrestrial and Earth-space microwave links. Both global integrated network SIMulator (GINSIM) and MultiEXCELL are able to produce joint distributions of rain fade time-series for arbitrary networks of microwave telecommunications links. The tools are fundamentally different in that GINSIM has, as its input, time-series of composite rain rate maps produced by networks of meteorological radars and can produce time-series of joint rain fade. MultiEXCELL uses the rain rate distribution as an input to constrain distributions of parameters of simulated rain cells. This study tests the simulators by comparing a range of annual fade statistics produced by simulation with data measured on experimental links. Link fade data were measured on two, Ka band, Earth-space links and a convergent 38 GHz terrestrial link near Chilbolton in southern England; and a further Earth-space link located in Dundee, Scotland. Both GINSIM and MultiEXCELL are shown to be able to predict joint fade distributions and diversity gain, for the satellite and terrestrial links, to useful accuracy. Differences in performance are analysed, leading to suggested development routes for both systems.
References
-
-
1)
-
C. Capsoni ,
F. Fedi ,
A. Paraboni
.
A comprehensive meteorologically oriented methodology for the prediction of wave propagation parameters in telecommunication applications beyond 10 GHz.
Radio Sci.
,
3 ,
387 -
393
-
2)
-
7. Jeannin, N., Carrié, G., Castanet, L., Lacoste, F.: ‘Space-time propagation model of total attenuation for the dimensioning of high frequency multimedia satcom systems’. 17th Ka and Broadband Communications, Navigation and Earth Observation Conf., Palermo, Italy, 3–5 October 2009.
-
3)
-
C. Capsoni ,
L. Luini ,
A. Paraboni ,
C. Riva ,
A. Martellucci
.
A new prediction model of rain attenuation that separately accounts for stratiform and convective rain.
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
,
1 ,
196 -
204
-
4)
-
24. Capsoni, C., Luini, L., D'Amico, M.: ‘The MultiEXCELL model for the prediction of the radio interference due to hydrometeor scattering’. EuCAP 2010, Barcelona, Spain, 12–16 April 2010, pp. 1–5.
-
5)
-
26. Liu, W., Michelson, D.G.: ‘Fade slope analysis of Ka-Band Earth-LEO satellite links using a synthetic rain field model’, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., 2009, 58, (8), pp. 4013–4022 (doi: 10.1109/TVT.2008.2004766).
-
6)
-
2. Lacoste, F., Carvalho, F., Scot, G., Ros, B.: ‘Comparison of macrocell propagation channels at 2.2 and 3.8 GHz’. Proc. of the Fourth European Conf. on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), Barcelona, Spain, April 2010.
-
7)
-
6. Paulson, K.S., Zhang, X.: ‘Simulation of rain fade on arbitrary microwave link networks by the downscaling and interpolation of rain radar data’, Radio Sci., 2009, 44, , (doi: 10.1029/2008RS003935).
-
8)
-
22. Luini, L., Capsoni, C.: ‘Preliminary results from a physically-based methodology for the evaluation of a time diversity system’. EuCAP 2011, Rome, Italy, 11–15 April 2011, pp. 1600–1604.
-
9)
-
21. Luini, L., Capsoni, C.: ‘The SC EXCELL model for the prediction of rain attenuation on terrestrial radio links’, Electron. Lett., 2013, 49, (4), pp. 307–308 (doi: 10.1049/el.2012.3835).
-
10)
-
19. Luini, L., Emiliani, L., Capsoni, C.: ‘Planning of advanced SatCom systems using ACM techniques: The impact of rain fade’. EuCAP 2011, Rome, Italy, 11–15 April 2011, pp. 3965–3969.
-
11)
-
23. Borroni, L., Capsoni, C., Luini, L., Riva, C.: ‘An enhanced version of the SC EXCELL model considering cells movement’. EuCAP 2007, Edinburgh, UK, 11–16 November 2007.
-
12)
-
27. Callaghan, S.A., Boyes, B., Couchman, A., Waight, J., Walden, C.J., Ventouras, S.: ‘An investigation of site diversity and comparison with ITU-R recommendations’, Radio Sci., 2008, 43, , (doi: 10.1029/2007RS003793).
-
13)
-
12. Fenton, G.A., Vanmarcke, E.: ‘Simulation of random fields via local average subdivision’, ASCE J. Eng. Mech., 1990, 116, (8), pp. 1733–1749 (doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1990)116:8(1733)).
-
14)
-
14. Paulson, K.S., Basarudin, H.: ‘Development of a heterogeneous microwave network fade simulation tool applicable to networks that span Europe’, Radio Sci., 2011, 46, , .
-
15)
-
16. Luini, L., Capsoni, C.: ‘MULTIEXCEL: A new rain field model for propagation applications’, IEEE Trans. Antenna Propag., 2011, 59, (11), pp. 4286–4300 (doi: 10.1109/TAP.2011.2164175).
-
16)
-
10. Deidda, R.: ‘Multifractal analysis and simulation of rainfall fields in space’, Phys. Chem. Earth, 1999, 24, (1–2), pp. 73–78 (doi: 10.1016/S1464-1909(98)00014-8).
-
17)
-
1. Callaghan, S.A.: ‘Fractal analysis and synthesis of rain fields for radio communication systems’. PhD thesis, University of Portsmouth, UK, 2004.
-
18)
-
20. Luini, L., Capsoni, C.: ‘A physically based methodology for the evaluation of the rain attenuation on terrestrial radio links’. EuCAP 2010, Barcelona, Spain, 12–16 April 2010, pp. 1–5.
-
19)
-
25. Capsoni, C., Luini, L.: ‘A physically based method for the conversion of rainfall statistics from long to short integration time’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 2009, 57, (11), pp. 3692–3696 (doi: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2025189).
-
20)
-
4. Hodges, D., Watson, R., Page, A., Watson, P.: ‘Generation of attenuation time-series for EHF SATCOM simulation’. Military Communications Conf., 2003, (MILCOM 2003), 2003, vol. 1, pp. 505–510, .
-
21)
-
28. Basarudin, H.: ‘Development of a heterogeneous microwave network, fade simulation tool applicable to networks that span Europe’. , 2012, University of Hull.
-
22)
-
9. Zhang, X.: ‘Fine-scale modelling of rain fields for radio network simulation’. , Department of Engineering, University of Hull, UK, 2008.
-
23)
-
5. Gremont, B., Filip, M.: ‘Spatio-temporal rain attenuation model for application to fade mitigation techniques’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 2004, 52, (5), pp. 1245–1256 (doi: 10.1109/TAP.2004.827501).
-
24)
-
11. Deidda, R.: ‘Rainfall downscaling in a space-time multifractal framework’, Water Resour. Res., 2000, 36, pp. 1779–1794 (doi: 10.1029/2000WR900038).
-
25)
-
17. Féral, L., Sauvageot, H., Castanet, L., Lemorton, J.: ‘HYCELL-A new hybrid model of the rain horizontal distribution for propagation studies: 1. Modeling of the rain cell’, Radio Sci., 2003, 38, (3), pp. 22-1–22-20.
-
26)
-
8. Paulson, K.S., Luini, L., Jeannin, N., Gremont, B., Watson, R.J.: ‘A review of channel simulators for heterogeneous microwave networks’, IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., 2013, 55, (5), pp. 118–127 (doi: 10.1109/MAP.2013.6735480).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0353
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0353
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6