© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Since phasor measurement units (PMU) were invented, there has been growing interest in developing methodologies for improving monitoring, protection and control of power systems in real time. In this study, the authors propose a new methodology, based on graph modelling, to identify coherent groups of generators in a real-time fashion. The coherent groups are identified with instantaneous values measured from the system through PMUs, and the methodology needs neither setting the number of desired groups nor defining a threshold value since it is based on coupling factors between generators. Moreover, it is proposed a new method for the online definition of areas for islanding when this action is required as the latest emergency control method. The methodology assigns the non-generation buses to the previously found generators coherent groups considering three criteria: electrical distance to the group of generators, topology, and operational constraints, which are verified by mean of an optimal power flow. The methodology is tested on the IEEE 39-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems. Results show that the real-time identification of coherent groups and the definition of areas allow the development of islanding strategies with promising results.
References
-
-
1)
-
29. Zhou, N., Huang, Z., Tuffner, F., Pierre, J., Jin, S.: ‘Automatic implementation of Prony analysis for electromechanical mode identification from phasor measurements’. Proc. Power and Energy Society General Meeting, July 2010.
-
2)
-
30. Tripath, P., Srivastava, S.C., Singh, S.N.: ‘An improved Prony method for identifying low frequency oscillations using synchro-phasor measurements’. Proc. Int. Conf. on Power Systems, December 2009.
-
3)
-
1. Venkatasubramanian, V., Sherwood, M., Ajjarapu, V., Leonardi, B.: ‘Real-time security assessment of angle stability and voltage stability using synchrophasors’. .
-
4)
-
32. Ngamroo, I., Lappanakul, P., Voraphonpiput, N., Dechanupaprittha, S., Mitani, Y., Sakulrat, J.: ‘Dynamic event analysis using synchronized PMUs via 220 V wall outlets’. Proc. Conf. Power Engineering IPEC, December 2007, pp. 832–837.
-
5)
-
M. Jonsson ,
M. Begovic ,
J. Daalder
.
A new method suitable for real-time generator coherency determination.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
3 ,
1473 -
1482
-
6)
-
J. Thambhirajah ,
N.F. Thornhill ,
B.C. Pal
.
A multivariate approach towards interarea oscillation damping estimation under ambient condition via independent component analysis and random decrement.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
1 ,
315 -
322
-
7)
-
31. Liu, G., Quintero, J., Venkatasubramanian, V.: ‘Oscillation monitoring system based on wide area synchrophasors in power systems’. Proc. Symp. Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - Revitalizing Operational Reliability, August 2007.
-
8)
-
38. Roman-Messina, A., Esquivel, P., Lezama, F.: ‘Wide-area PMU data monitoring using spatio-temporal statistical models’. Proc. Power Systems Conf. and Expo. (PSCE), March 2011.
-
9)
-
39. Gomez, O., Ríos, M.A., Ordóñez, C.A.: ‘A practical online monitoring system based on wide area measurements for power system dynamic security assessment’. Proc. CIGRE Canada Conf.: Technology and Innovation for the Evolving Power Grid, September 2012.
-
10)
-
12. Aghamohammadi, M.R., Tabandeh, S.M.: ‘Online coherency identification based on correlation characteristics of generator rotor angles’. Proc. Int. Conf. on Power and Energy, 2012, pp. 499–504.
-
11)
-
24. Granda, N., Colome, D.G.: ‘A new strategy for controlled power system islanding’. Proc. Conf. and Expo. Transmission and Distribution: Latin America, September 2012, pp. 1–8.
-
12)
-
N. Senroy
.
Generator coherency using the Hilbert–Huang transforms.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
4 ,
1701 -
1708
-
13)
-
4. Ota, Y., Ukai, H., Nakamura, K., Fujita, H.: ‘PMU based midterm stability evaluation of wide-area power system’. Proc. Conf. IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution and Exhibition, Asia Pacific, October 2002, 3, pp. 1676–1680.
-
14)
-
9. Hashiesh, F., Mostafa, H.E., Helal, I., Mansour, M.M.: ‘Determination of generators coherent groups based on synchrophasors using bioinformatics toolbox’. Proc. Innovative smart grid technologies middle east, 2011.
-
15)
-
16)
-
35. Roman-Messina, A., Vital, V.: ‘Extraction of dynamic patterns from wide area measurements using empirical orthogonal functions’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2007, 22, (4), pp. 682–692 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.895157).
-
17)
-
26. Fiedler, M.: ‘A Property of eigenvectors of nonnegative symmetric matrices and its application to graph theory’, Czech math J., 1973, 25, (4), pp. 619–633.
-
18)
-
21. Ding, L., Wall, P., Terzija, V.: ‘A novel controlled islanding algorithm based on constrained spectral clustering’. Int. Conf. on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection, October 2011, pp. 951–956.
-
19)
-
24. Ariff, M.A.M., Pal, B.C.: ‘Coherency identification in interconnected power system – an independent component analysis approach’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2013, 28, (2), pp. 1747–1755 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2217511).
-
20)
-
11. Wang, S., Lu, S., Lin, G., Zhou, N.: ‘Measurement-based coherency identification and aggregation for power systems’. Proc. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012.
-
21)
-
S.A. Nezam-Sarmadi ,
A.S. Dobakhshari ,
S. Azizi ,
A.M. Ranjbar
.
A sectionalizing method in power system restoration based on WAMS.
IEEE Trans. Smart Grid
,
1 ,
190 -
197
-
22)
-
27. Fortunato, S.: ‘Community detection in graphs’. , 2010, 486, pp. 75–174.
-
23)
-
10. Hashiesh, F., Mostafa, H.E., Khatib, A.R., et al: ‘An intelligent wide area synchrophasor based system for predicting and mitigating transient instabilities’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2012, 3, (2), pp. 645–652 (doi: 10.1109/TSG.2012.2187220).
-
24)
-
8. Chen, T., Yang, J., Zhang, J., Wu, Z., Wei, Z.: ‘A new approach to coherency identification of generators clusters based on wide area measurement system’. Proc. Conf. Power and Energy Engineering, Asia-Pacific, March 2009, pp. 1–4.
-
25)
-
34. Zarraga, F.L.: ‘On-line extraction of modal characteristics from power system measurements based on Hilbert-Huang analysis’. Proc. Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control, January 2009.
-
26)
-
23. Hashiesh, , Fahd, , Mostafa, , Hossam, E., Helal, I., Mansour, M.M.: ‘A wide area synchrophasors based controlled islanding scheme using Bioinformatics toolbox’. Int. Conf. on Developments in Power Systems Protection, April 2012, pp. 1–6.
-
27)
-
M.E.J. Newman
.
Modularity and community structure in networks.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.
,
23 ,
8577 -
8582
-
28)
-
15. Ali, M., Mork, B.A., Bohmann, L.J., Brown, L.E.: ‘Detection of coherent groups of generators and the need for system separation using synchrophasor data’. Proc. Int. Conf. on Power Engineering and Optimization, June 2013, pp. 7–12.
-
29)
-
17. Ghahremani, E., Kamwa, I.: ‘Dynamic state estimation in power system by applying the extended Kalman filter with unknown inputs to phasor measurements’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2011, 26, pp. 2556–2566 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2145396).
-
30)
-
22. Kamwa, I., Pradham, A.K., Joos, G.: ‘Automatic segmentation of large power systems into fuzzy coherent areas for dynamic vulnerability assessment’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2007, 22, (4), pp. 1974–1985 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.907383).
-
31)
-
20. Koch, S., Chatzivasileiadis, S., Vrakopoulou, M., Andersson, G.: ‘Mitigation of cascading failures by real-time controlled islanding and graceful load shedding’. Proc. Symp. Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control, August 2010, pp. 1–19.
-
32)
-
19. Lin, , Zhenzhi, , Xia, T., Ye, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Liu, Y., Tomsovic, K., Bilke, T.: ‘Power system islanding detection based on wide area measurement systems’. Proc. Int. Conf. on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems, September 2011, pp. 1–6.
-
33)
-
16. Avdakovic, S., Becirovic, E., Nuhanovic, A., Kusljugic, M.: ‘Generator coherency using the wavelet phase difference approach’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2014, 29, (1), pp. 271–278 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2279881).
-
34)
-
13. Tabandeh, S.M., Aghamohammadi, M.R.: ‘A new algorithm for detecting real-time matching for controlled islanding based on correlation characteristics of generator rotor angles’. Proc. Int. Conf. of Universities Power Engineering, 2012.
-
35)
-
40. Gomez, O., Ríos, M.A.: ‘Inter-area stability prediction index based on phasorial measurement’. Proc. IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conf., January 2012.
-
36)
-
23. Kamwa, I., Pradham, A.K., Joos, G., Samantaray, S.R.: ‘Fuzzy partitioning of a real power system for dynamic vulnerability assessment’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2009, 24, (3), pp. 1356–1365 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2021225).
-
37)
-
22. Sun, K., Zheng, D.-Z., Lu, Q.: ‘Searching for feasible splitting strategies of controlled system islanding’, IEE Proc. Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2006, 153, (1), pp. 89–98 (doi: 10.1049/ip-gtd:20050168).
-
38)
-
25. Machowskim, J., Bialek, J.W., Bumby, J.R.: ‘Power system dynamics: stability and control’ (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008).
-
39)
-
17. Tang, K., Venayagamoorthy, G.K.: ‘Online coherency analysis of synchronous generators in a power system’. Proc. Int. Conf. on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, February 2014, pp. 1–5.
-
40)
-
K.K. Anarpathi ,
B. Chaudhuri ,
N.F. Thornhill ,
B.C. Pal
.
Coherency identification in power systems through principal component analysis.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
3 ,
1658 -
1660
-
41)
-
42. Tortos, J.Q., Terzija, V.: ‘Controlled islanding strategy considering power system restoration constraints’. Proc. Power and Energy Society General Meeting, July 2012.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0865
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0865
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6