Your browser does not support JavaScript!
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com
1887

access icon free Ancillary services in electric power systems with HVDC grids

An electrical power system is intended to transmit power from generation to load. To do so, it needs ancillary services to guarantee a certain level of reliability and quality. With the emergence of DC grids, it becomes necessary to ask what ancillary services they may themselves require, and how DC grids should be required to interact with the remainder of the system. This study defines a first basic set of ancillary services for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grids which did not exist so far, and it shows that this development could affect the ancillary services in AC grids. This study describes how the origin of ancillary services can change if an HVDC grid is added to the existing AC grids and gives an overview of existing definitions for ancillary services.

References

    1. 1)
      • 25. Egea-Alverez, A., Beerten, J., Van Hertem, D., Gomis-Bellmunt, O.: ‘Primary and secondary power control of multiterminal HVDC grids’. Proc. IET ACDC2012, 2012.
    2. 2)
      • 20. Wiget, R., Andersson, G.: ‘Optimal power flow for combined AC and multi-terminal HVDC grids based on VSC converters’. Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012 IEEE, IEEE-PES, 2012.
    3. 3)
      • 15. Hirst, E., Kirby, B.: ‘Electric-power ancillary services’. Technical Report, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, February 1996.
    4. 4)
      • 30. Elia, : ‘Overview of ancillary services for the power grid’, January 2008.
    5. 5)
      • 19. Rimez, J., Belmans, R.: ‘A combined AC/DC optimal power flow algorithm for meshed AC and DC networks linked by VSC converters’, Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst., doi: 10.1002/etep.1943, 2014.
    6. 6)
      • 13. NERC: ‘Glossary of terms used in NERC reliability standards’, January 2014.
    7. 7)
      • 29. Jiang-Hafner, Y., Duchen, H., Karlsson, M., Ronstrom, L., Abrahamsson, B.: ‘HVDC with voltage source converters – a powerful standby black start facility’. Transmission and Distribution Conf. and Exposition, IEEE/PES, April 2008.
    8. 8)
      • 8. Van Hertem, D., Rimez, J., Belmans, R.: ‘Power flow controlling devices as a smart and independent grid investment for flexible grid operations: Belgian case study’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2013, 99, p. 9.
    9. 9)
    10. 10)
    11. 11)
      • 24. NERC: ‘Balancing and frequency control’. Technical Report, North American Electric Reliability Corporation, January2011.
    12. 12)
      • 18. Albrecht, J., Huber, P., Delabre, J-Y., Klaar, D., Arnaiz, A., D'Haeseleer, H.: ‘Operation handbook’. Technical Report, ENTSO-E, 2012.
    13. 13)
      • 6. ‘Directive 2009/28/EC’, April 2009.
    14. 14)
      • 11. Arrillaga, J., Liu, Y., Watson, N.: ‘Flexible power transmission’ (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, 2007).
    15. 15)
      • 3. ENTSO-E: ‘Survey on ancillary services procurement & balancing market design’, September 2012.
    16. 16)
      • 2. Salle, C.: ‘Ancillary services: an overview’. Pricing of Ancillary Services: an Int. perspective, 1996.
    17. 17)
      • 32. Kuzle, I., Bosnjak, D., Tesnjak, S.: ‘An overview of ancillary services in an open market environment’. 2007 Mediterranean Conf. on Control & Automation, 2007.
    18. 18)
      • 5. Oeding, D., Oswald, B.: ‘Elektrische Kraftwerke und Netze’ (Springer-Verlag, 2004, 6th edn.).
    19. 19)
      • 12. Union of the Electricity Industry – EURELECTRIC, Ancillary Services, 2003.
    20. 20)
      • 26. Bianchi, F.D., Gomis-Bellmunt, O.: ‘Droop control design for multi-terminal VSC-HVDC grids based on LMI optimization’. 2011 50th IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control and European Control Conf. (CDC-ECC), IEEE, 2011.
    21. 21)
      • 9. Henry, S., Despouys, O., Adapa, R., et al: ‘Influence of embedded HVDC transmission on system security and AC network performance’. Technical Report, CIGRÉ, 2013.
    22. 22)
      • 17. NC HVDC – preliminary scope’. Technical Report, ENTSO-E, August2013.
    23. 23)
      • 16. Phulpin, Y., Ernst, D.: ‘Ancillary services and operation of multi-terminal HVdc systems’. Int. Workshop on Transmission Networks for Offshore Wind Power Plants, October 2011.
    24. 24)
      • 14. ENTSO-E: ‘Statistical Yearbook 2011’, 2012.
    25. 25)
      • 4. Gomez-Exposito, A., Conejo, J.A., Canizares, C.: ‘Electric energy systems’ (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2009).
    26. 26)
      • 7. Schwab, A.: ‘Elektroenergiesysteme’ (Springer-Verlag, 2009, 2nd edn.).
    27. 27)
      • 31. Beck, M., Scherer, M.: ‘Overview of ancillary services’, April 2010.
    28. 28)
      • 23. Vrana, T.K., Yongtao, Y., Dennetière, S., Jardini, J., Saad, H.: ‘The CIGRE B4 DC grid test system’. Technical Report, CIGRÉ, 2013.
    29. 29)
      • 21. De Boeck, S., Van Hertem, D.: ‘Coordination of multiple HVDC links in power systems during alert and emergency situations’. Powertech, IEEE, IEEE, June 2013.
    30. 30)
      • 33. Lavoine, O., Regairz, F., Baker, T., et al: ‘Ancillary services: an overview of international practices’, Electra, 2010, 252, pp. 8691.
    31. 31)
      • 27. Vrana, T., Zeni, L., Fosso, O.: ‘Active power control with undead-band voltage & frequency droop for HVDC converters in large meshed DC grids’. EWEA Conf., April 2012.
    32. 32)
      • 22. Marten, A.-K., Westermann, D.: ‘Power flow participation by an embedded HVDC grid in an interconnected power system’. Proc. Third IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe), IEEE-PES, 2012.
    33. 33)
      • 1. Kirschen, D., Strbac, G.: ‘Fundamentals of power system economics’ (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, 2004).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0423
Loading

Related content

content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0423
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address