© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
After the completion of core manufacturing and before the assembly of transformer active part, 2N small individual cores and 2N large individual cores are available and have to be optimally combined into N transformers so as to minimise the total no-load loss (NLL) of N transformers. This complex combinatorial optimisation problem is called transformer no-load loss reduction (TNLLR) problem. A new approach combining differential evolution (DE) and multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) to solve TNLLR problem is proposed. MLPs are used to predict NLL of wound core distribution transformers. An improved differential evolution (IDE) method is proposed for the solution of TNLLR problem. The modifications of IDE in comparison to the simple DE method are (i) the scaling factor F is varied randomly within some range, (ii) an auxiliary set is employed to enhance the population diversity, (iii) the newly generated trial vector is compared with the nearest parent and (iv) the simple feasibility rule is used to treat the constraints. Application results show that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of two other methods, that is, conventional grouping process and genetic algorithm. Moreover, the proposed method provides 7.3% reduction in the cost of transformer main materials.
References
-
-
1)
-
J.C. Olivares ,
L. Yilu ,
J.M. Canedo ,
R. Escarela-Perez ,
J. Driesen ,
P. Moreno
.
Reducing losses in distribution transformers.
IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
,
3 ,
821 -
826
-
2)
-
Z. Godec
.
Influence of slitting on core losses and magnetization curve of grain-oriented electrical steels.
IEEE Trans. Magn.
,
4 ,
1053 -
1057
-
3)
-
A. Ilo ,
B. Weiser ,
T. Booth ,
H. Pfutzner
.
Influence of geometric parameters on the magnetic properties of model transformer cores.
J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
,
38 -
40
-
4)
-
K.V. Price ,
R. Storn ,
J.A. Lampinen
.
(2005)
Differential evolution: a practical approach to global optimization.
-
5)
-
H.R. Cai ,
C.Y. Chung ,
K.P. Wong
.
Application of differential evolution algorithm for transient stability constrained optimal power flow.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
2 ,
719 -
728
-
6)
-
M. Varadarajan ,
K.S. Swarup
.
Solving multi-objective optimal power flow using differential evolution.
IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
5 ,
720 -
730
-
7)
-
M.J. Heathcote
.
(2007)
The J&P transformer book.
-
8)
-
P.S. Georgilakis ,
N.D. Doulamis ,
A.D. Doulamis ,
N.D. Hatziargyriou ,
S.D. Kollias
.
A novel iron loss reduction technique for distribution transformers based on a combined genetic algorithm – neural network approach.
IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. C: Appl. Rev.
,
1 ,
16 -
34
-
9)
-
R.S. Girgis ,
E.G. Tenyenhuis ,
K. Gramm ,
J.E. Wrethag
.
Experimental investigations on effect of core production attributes on transformer core loss performance.
IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
,
2 ,
526 -
531
-
10)
-
P.C.Y. Ling ,
A.J. Moses ,
F. Mcquade ,
W. Grimmond ,
D. Fox
.
Investigation of magnetic degradation of wound cores due to adhesive bonding.
J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
,
77 -
80
-
11)
-
Z. Valkovic
.
Influence of transformer core design on power losses.
IEEE Trans. Magn.
,
2 ,
801 -
804
-
12)
-
Tenyenhuis, E.G., Girgis, R.S.: `Measured variability of performance parameters of power and distribution transformers', Proc. IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conf. and Exposition, 2006, p. 523–528.
-
13)
-
L. Lakshminarasimman ,
S. Subramanian
.
Short-term scheduling of hydrothermal power system with cascaded reservoirs by using modified differential evolution.
IEE Proc. Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
6 ,
693 -
700
-
14)
-
J.P. Chiou ,
C.F. Chang ,
C.T. Su
.
Ant direction hybrid differential evolution for solving large capacitor placement problems.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
4 ,
1794 -
1800
-
15)
-
J.P. Chiou ,
C.F. Chang ,
C.T. Su
.
Variable scaling hybrid differential evolution for solving network reconfiguration of distribution systems.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
2 ,
668 -
674
-
16)
-
C.H. Liang ,
C.Y. Chung ,
K.P. Wong ,
X.Z. Duan ,
C.T. Tse
.
Study of differential evolution for optimal reactive power flow.
IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
2 ,
253 -
260
-
17)
-
T.P. Runarsson ,
X. Yao
.
Stochastic ranking for constrained evolutionary optimization.
IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput.
,
3 ,
284 -
294
-
18)
-
R. Storn ,
K. Price
.
Differential evolution – a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces.
J. Global Optim.
,
341 -
359
-
19)
-
P.S. Georgilakis
.
(2009)
Spotlight on modern transformer design.
-
20)
-
C.T. Su ,
C.S. Lee
.
Network reconfiguration of distribution systems using improved mixed-integer hybrid differential evolution.
IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
,
3 ,
1022 -
1027
-
21)
-
J.-P. Chiou
.
A variable scaling hybrid differential evolution for solving large-scale power dispatch problems.
IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
2 ,
154 -
163
-
22)
-
S.-K. Wang ,
J.-P. Chiou ,
C.-W. Liu
.
Non-smooth/non-convex economic dispatch by a novel hybrid differential evolution algorithm.
IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
5 ,
793 -
803
-
23)
-
Thomsen, R.: `Multimodal optimization using crowding-based differential evolution', Proc. Evolutionary Computation Conf., 2004, p. 1382–1389.
-
24)
-
A.J. Moses
.
Factors affecting localized flux and iron loss distribution in laminated cores.
J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
,
409 -
414
-
25)
-
G.Y. Yang ,
Z.Y. Dong ,
K.P. Wong
.
A modified differential evolution algorithm with fitness sharing for power system planning.
IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
,
2 ,
514 -
522
-
26)
-
Z. Wang ,
C.Y. Chung ,
K.P. Wong ,
C.T. Tse
.
Robust power system stabilizer design under multi-operating conditions using differential evolution.
IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
,
5 ,
690 -
700
-
27)
-
M.M. Ali ,
A. Törn
.
Population set-based global optimization algorithms: some modifications and numerical studies.
Comput. Oper. Res.
,
1703 -
1725
-
28)
-
E.G. Tenyenhuis ,
R.S. Girgis ,
G.F. Mechler
.
Other factors contributing to the core loss performance of power and distribution transformers.
IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
,
4 ,
648 -
653
-
29)
-
Lampinen, J., Zelinka, I.: `Mixed integer-discrete-continuous optimization by differential evolution, part I: the optimization method', Proc. Int. Mendel Conf. Soft Computing, 1999, p. 77–81.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2009.0184
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2009.0184
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6