Self-regulating particle swarm optimised controller for (photovoltaic–fuel cell) battery charging of hybrid electric vehicles
Self-regulating particle swarm optimised controller for (photovoltaic–fuel cell) battery charging of hybrid electric vehicles
- Author(s): A.A.A. Elgammal and A.M. Sharaf
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-est.2011.0021
For access to this article, please select a purchase option:
Buy article PDF
Buy Knowledge Pack
IET members benefit from discounts to all IET publications and free access to E&T Magazine. If you are an IET member, log in to your account and the discounts will automatically be applied.
Thank you
Your recommendation has been sent to your librarian.
- Author(s): A.A.A. Elgammal 1 and A.M. Sharaf 1
-
-
View affiliations
-
Affiliations:
1: Centre for Energy Studies, University of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
-
Affiliations:
1: Centre for Energy Studies, University of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
- Source:
Volume 2, Issue 2,
June 2012,
p.
77 – 89
DOI: 10.1049/iet-est.2011.0021 , Print ISSN 2042-9738, Online ISSN 2042-9746
- « Previous Article
- Table of contents
- Next Article »
This study presents the use of hybrid photovoltaic–fuel cell (PV–FC) renewable energy scheme for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) battery-charging stations. The hybrid PV–FC DC interface scheme is dynamically controlled using a self-regulating tri-loop controller based on multi-objective particle swarm optimisation. The proposed utilisation scheme ensures efficient DC source energy utilisation from the hybrid PV–FC DC with minimal DC current inrush conditions and a fully stabilised DC bus voltage. The multi-loop battery-charging regulator allows for hybrid (voltage, current and power) charging modes for efficient, fast charging and DC energy efficient utilisation. The proposed hybrid renewable green energy PV–FC battery-charging scheme is fully validated by simulation and laboratory prototype testing.
Inspec keywords: hybrid electric vehicles; particle swarm optimisation; power system control; battery chargers; voltage regulators; photovoltaic cells; fuel cells
Other keywords:
Subjects: Transportation; Power convertors and power supplies to apparatus; Optimisation techniques; Fuel cells; Power system control; Optimisation techniques; Control of electric power systems; Voltage control
References
-
-
1)
- Kennedy, J., Eberhart, R.: `Particle swarm optimization', Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Neural Networks, 1995, 4, p. 1942–1948.
-
2)
- C. Wang , O.H. Steilau , G.A. Covic . Design considerations for a contactless Electric Vehicle battery charger. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , 5 , 1308 - 1314
-
3)
- Woodworth, J., Thomas, M., Stevens, J.: `Evaluation of the batteries and charge controllers in small stand-alone photovoltaic systems', Proc. 24th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conf., 1994, Waikoloa, HI, p. 933–945.
-
4)
- M. Fernandez , A.J. Ruddell , N. Vast , J. Esteban , F. Estela . Development of a VRLA battery with improved separators and a charge controller for low cost photovoltaic and wind powered installations. J. Power Sources , 135 - 140
-
5)
- L. Maharjan , S. Inoue , H. Akagi , J. Asakura . State-of-charge (SOC)-balancing control of a battery energy storage system based on a cascade PWM converter. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. , 6 , 1628 - 1636
-
6)
- D.K. Jackson , A.M. Schultz , S.B. Leeb , A.H. Mitwalli , G.C. Verghese , S.R. Shaw . A multirate digital controller for a 1.5-kW electric vehicle battery charger. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. , 6 , 1000 - 1006
-
7)
- S.-K. Sul , S.-J. Lee . An integral battery charger for four-wheel drive electric vehicle. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. , 5 , 1096 - 1099
-
8)
- Zhou, X., Lukic, S., Bhattacharya, S., Huang, A.: `Design and control of grid-connected converter in bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application', IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conf., 2009. VPPC'09, p. 1716–1721.
-
9)
- M.G. Egan , D.L. O'Sullivan , J.G. Hayes , M.J. Willers , C.P. Henze . Power factor corrected single-stage inductive charger for electric vehicle batteries. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , 2 , 1217 - 1226
-
10)
- Ngatchou, P., Zarei, A., El-Sharkawi, A.: `Pareto multi objective optimization', Proc. 13th Int. Conf. on Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems, 6–10 November 2005, p. 84–91.
-
11)
- L. Solero . Nonconventional on-board charger for electric vehicle propulsion batteries. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. , 1 , 144 - 149
-
12)
- H. Fakham , D. Lu , B. Francois . Power control design of a battery charger in a hybrid active PV generator for load-following applications. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , 1 , 85 - 94
-
13)
- J.P. Dunlop . (1997) Batteries and charge control in stand-alone photovoltaic systems, fundamentals and application.
-
14)
- H. Masheleni , X. Carelse . Microcontroller-based charge controller for stand-alone photovoltaic systems. Sol. Energy , 4 , 225 - 230
-
15)
- T. Yamazaki , K. Muramoto . An advanced solar charging and battery discharge controller unit. Renew. Energy , 606 - 609
-
16)
- Musavi, F., Eberle, W., Dunford, W.G.: `A high-performance single-phase AC-DC power factor corrected boost converter for plug in hybrid electric vehicle battery chargers', IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2010, p. 3588–3595.
-
17)
- Berizzi, A., Innorta, M., Marannino, P.: `Multiobjective optimization techniques applied to modern power systems', 2001 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, January 28–February 1 2001.
-
18)
- A. Hajimiragha , C.A. Caizares , M.W. Fowler , A. Elkamel . Optimal transition to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in ontario, canada, considering the electricity-grid limitations. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , 2 , 690 - 701
-
19)
- Coello Coello, C.A., Lechuga, M.S.: `MOPSO: a proposal for multiple objective particle swarm optimization', IEEE Proc. World Congress on Computational Intelligence, 2003, p. 1051–1056.
-
20)
- O. Barbarisi , F. Vasca , L. Glielmo . State of charge Kalman filter estimator for automotive batteries. Control Eng. Pract. , 3 , 267 - 275
-
21)
- S. Harrington , J. Dunlop . Battery charge controller characteristics in photovoltaic systems. IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. , 8 , 15 - 21
-
22)
- G. Pellegrino , E. Armando , P. Guglielmi . An integral battery charger with power factor correction for electric scooter. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. , 3 , 751 - 759
-
23)
- J. Wang , B. Cao , Q. Chen . Combined state of charge estimator for electric vehicle battery pack. Control Eng. Pract. , 12 , 1569 - 1576
-
24)
- Zhou, X., Wang, G., Lukic, S., Bhattacharya, S., Huang, A.: `Multi-function bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application', IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE, 2009, p. 3930–3936.
-
1)