access icon free Design and development of fault classification algorithm based on relevance vector machine for power transformer

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 29/08/2017, Accepted 23/01/2018, Revised 27/12/2017, Published 29/01/2018

Identification of faults within power transformers is the means of ensuring unit transformer protection. Existing relay maloperates during abnormalities such as magnetising inrush, CT saturation and high resistance internal fault condition. Therefore, it is essential to categorise the internal fault and external abnormality/fault in case of transformer protection. This study presents a new scheme, based on relevance vector machine (RVM) as a fault classifier. The developed algorithm is assessed by simulating various disorders on 345 MVA, 400/220 kV transformer in PSCAD/EMTDC software and also on prototype model with 2 kVA, 230/110 V multi-tapping transformer. One cycle post fault current signals are captured from primary and secondary to form feature vectors. These feature vectors are used as an input to RVM for classification of various test cases. Wide variation in system parameters and fault conditions are considered for test data generation and validation. The proposed scheme is compared with the support vector machine (SVM) and probabilistic neural network (PNN)-based techniques. The proposed scheme successfully discriminates various types of internal faults and external abnormalities in power transformer within a short time. The fault classification accuracy obtained by proposed RVM technique is more than 99% in comparison to SVM and PNN-based schemes.

Inspec keywords: fault diagnosis; power transformer protection; neural nets; support vector machines

Other keywords: fault classification accuracy; probabilistic neural network; internal fault; CT saturation; power transformer; PNN-based schemes; apparent power 345 MVA; unit transformer protection; voltage 220 kV; feature vectors; fault identification; transformer protective scheme; fault classifier; post fault current signals; high resistance internal fault condition; voltage 110 V; voltage 400 kV; support vector machine; SVM; fault classification algorithm; external abnormality; relay; relevance vector machine; multitapping transformer; magnetising inrush; apparent power 2 kVA; voltage 230 V

Subjects: Transformers and reactors

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