© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
A novel multi-output current amplifier exhibiting independent electronically controllable gains is proposed. The new device provides a cost-efficient and low-power solution to filter designs. While multi-output devices are often employed to reduce active components within the filters, the proposed device conserves the independent tuning characteristics. Current-mode two-integrator-loop filter topologies are considered as the demonstrating examples. The experimental results obtained from a 0.18 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process are provided.
References
-
-
1)
-
W. Surakampotorn ,
P. Thitimajshima
.
Integrable electronically tunable current conveyors.
IEE Proc. G Electronic Circuits and Systems
,
71 -
77
-
2)
-
J. Kerwin ,
P. Huelsman ,
R. Newcomb
.
State-variable synthesis for insensitive integrated circuit transfer functions.
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
,
87 -
92
-
3)
-
M. Okine ,
N. Katsuhara
.
Current-mode active RC filters using current followers.
Analog Int. Circcuit Signal Process.
,
2 ,
161 -
164
-
4)
-
S. Lindfors ,
J. Jussila ,
K. Halonen ,
L. Siren
.
A 3-V continuous-time filter with on-chip tuning for IS-95.
IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits
,
8 ,
1150 -
1154
-
5)
-
H. Elwan ,
A.M. Soliman ,
M. Ismail
.
A CMOS Norton amplifier-based digitally controlled VGA for low-power wireless applications.
IEEE Trans. Circuit. Syst. II
,
3 ,
245 -
254
-
6)
-
L. Acosta ,
M. Jiménez ,
R. Carvajal ,
A. Lopez-Martin ,
J. Ramírez-Angulo
.
Highly linear tunable CMOS Gm-C low-pass filter.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I
,
10 ,
2145 -
2158
-
7)
-
F. Gür ,
F. Anday
.
Simulation of a novel current-mode universal filter using FDCCIIs.
Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process.
,
3 ,
231 -
236
-
8)
-
G. Palmisano ,
G. Palumbo ,
S. Pennisi
.
High-drive CMOS current amplifier.
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
,
2 ,
228 -
236
-
9)
-
A. Lopez-Martin ,
J. Ramirez-Angulo ,
R. Carvajal
.
A proposal for high-performance CCII-based analogue CMOS design.
Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl.
,
379 -
391
-
10)
-
R. Senani ,
S. Gupta
.
New universal filter using only current followers as active elements.
Int. J. Electron. Commun.
,
3 ,
251 -
256
-
11)
-
M. Okine ,
N. Katsuhara
.
Current-mode active filters using current followers.
IEICE Trans. Fundam.
,
2 ,
265 -
267
-
12)
-
A. Fabre
.
High frequency application based on a new current controlled conveyor.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Fundam. Theory Appl.
,
2 ,
82 -
91
-
13)
-
P. Allen ,
M. Terry
.
The use of current amplifiers for high performance voltage applications.
IEEE J. Solid State Circuits
,
2 ,
155 -
162
-
14)
-
C. Laoudias ,
C. Psychalinos
.
Universal biquad filter topology using low-voltage current mirrors.
Int. J. Circ. Theor. Appl.
,
1 ,
65 -
75
-
15)
-
J. Tow
.
Active RC Filters – A state-space realization.
Proc. IEEE (Letter)
,
1137 -
1139
-
16)
-
W. Surakampotorn ,
K. Kumwachara
.
CMOS-based electronically tunable current conveyer.
Electron. Lett.
,
1316 -
1317
-
17)
-
W. Tangsrirat
.
Low-voltage digitally programmable current-mode universal biquadratic filter.
Int. J. Electron. Commun. (AEU)
,
2 ,
97 -
103
-
18)
-
H. Alzaher ,
M. Ismail
.
A robust-low distortion wideband CMOS current follower.
Electron. Lett.
,
2203 -
2204
-
19)
-
G.W. Roberts ,
A.S. Sedra
.
All current-mode frequency selective circuits.
Electron. Lett.
,
759 -
761
-
20)
-
Song, S., Wang, W.: `A new high order current-mode filter with multiple inputs and single output based on MOCCCII', Int. Conf. on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS 2006), June 2006, 4, p. 2172–2175.
-
21)
-
J. Ramirez-Angulo ,
M. Robinson ,
E. Sanchz-Sinencio
.
Current-mode continuous-time filters: two design approaches.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Analog Digit. Signal Process.
,
6 ,
337 -
341
-
22)
-
A. Nedungadi ,
T.R. Vishwanathan
.
Design of linear CMOS transconductance elements.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.
,
891 -
894
-
23)
-
G. Palmisano ,
G. Palumbo ,
S. Pennisi
.
Solutions for CMOS current amplifiers with high drive output stage.
IEEE Trans. Circuit Syst. II
,
10 ,
988 -
998
-
24)
-
Gambhir, M., Dhanasekaran, V., Silva-Martinez, J., Sánchez-Sinencio, E.: `A low power 1.3GHz dual-path current-mode Gm-C filter', IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf. (CICC 2008), September 2008, p. 703–706.
-
25)
-
A. Lopez-Martin ,
J. Ramirez-Angulo ,
C. Durbha ,
R. Carvajal
.
Highly linear programmable balanced current scaling technique in moderate inversion.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II
,
283 -
285
-
26)
-
A. Marcellis ,
G. Ferri ,
N.C. Guerrini ,
G. Scotti ,
V. Stornelli ,
A. Trifiletti
.
A novel low-voltage low-power fully differential voltage and current gained CCII for floating impedance simulations.
Microelectron. J.
,
20 -
25
-
27)
-
S. Minaei ,
O. Sayin ,
H. Kuntman
.
A new CMOS electronically tunable current conveyor and its application to current-mode filters.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I
,
1448 -
1457
-
28)
-
H. Alzaher
.
A CMOS digitally programmable universal current-mode filter.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II
,
8 ,
758 -
762
-
29)
-
T. Laxminidhi ,
V. Prasadu ,
S. Pavan
.
Widely programmable high-frequency active RC filters in CMOS technology.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Regul. Pap.
,
327 -
336
-
30)
-
Maheshwari, V., Serdijn, W., Long, J., Pekarik, J.: `A 34dB SNDR instantaneously-companding baseband SC filter for 802.11a/g WLAN receivers', IEEE Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf. (ISSCC 2010), February 2010, p. 92–94.
-
31)
-
Laoudias, C., Psychalinos, C.: `Multiple input multiple output current-mode universal biquad filters', Proc. IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conf. (MELECON), 2010, Malta, p. 296–299.
-
32)
-
Laoudias, C., Psychalinos, C.: `Single input multiple output universal biquad using current mirrors', Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Electronics Circuits and Systems. (ICECS), Septemer 2008, Malta, p. 1026–1029.
-
33)
-
Laxminidhi, T., Prasadu, V., Pavan, S.: `A low power 44-300MHz programmable active-RC filter in 0.18 µm CMOS', IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf. (CICC 2007), September 2007, p. 683–686.
-
34)
-
S.A. Mahmoud ,
M.A. Hashiesh ,
A.M. Soliman
.
Low-voltage digitally controlled fully differential current conveyor.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I
,
10 ,
2055 -
2064
-
35)
-
A.M. Soliman
.
Current-mode filters using two output inverting CCII.
Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl.
,
7 ,
875 -
881
-
36)
-
Tiliute, D.: `Low input impedance current-mode active filter using current-followers', Int. Symp. on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 2003, 2, p. 577–579.
-
37)
-
C. Laoudias ,
C. Psychalinos
.
Universal biquad filters using low-voltage current mirrors.
Analog Int. Circuits Signal Process.
,
1 ,
77 -
88
-
38)
-
W. Tangsrirat ,
D. Prasertsom
.
Electronically tunable low-component-count current-mode biquadratic filter using dual-output current followers.
Electr. Eng.
,
1 ,
33 -
37
-
39)
-
A. Marcellis ,
G. Ferri ,
N.C. Guerrini ,
G. Scotti ,
V. Stornelli ,
A. Trifiletti
.
The VCG-CCII: a novel building block and its application to capacitance multiplication.
Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process.
,
55 -
59
-
40)
-
S. Pennisi
.
A low-voltage design approach for class AB current-mode circuits.
IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Analog Digit. Signal Process.
,
4 ,
273 -
279
-
41)
-
C. Laoudias ,
C. Psychalinos
.
Low-voltage CMOS adjustable current mirror.
Electron. Lett.
,
2 ,
124 -
126
-
42)
-
S. D'Amico ,
M. Conta ,
A. Baschirotto
.
A 4.1 mW 10 MHz fourth-order source-follower based continuous-time filter with 79-dB DR.
IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits
,
12 ,
2713 -
2719
-
43)
-
Kumngern, M., Moungnoul, P., Junnapiya, S., Dejhan, K.: `Current-mode universal filter using translinear current conveyors', Fifth Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Comp., Telecommunication and Information Technology, 2008, 2, p. 717–720.
-
44)
-
S. Tongkulboriboon ,
P. Pawarangkoon ,
W. Kiranon
.
Externally linear current amplifiers.
Int. J. Electron.
,
6 ,
587 -
596
-
45)
-
M. Siripruchyanun ,
W. Jaikla
.
Current-mode biquadratic filter using DO-CCCDBAs.
Int. J. Circuit. Theory Appl.
,
3 ,
321 -
330
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-cds.2012.0086
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-cds.2012.0086
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6