© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
An efficient VLSI design of a lossless electrocardiogram (ECG) encoder is proposed for wireless body sensor networks. To save wireless transmission power, a novel lossless encoding algorithm had been created for ECG signal compression. The proposed algorithm consists of a novel adaptive predictor based on fuzzy decision control, and a novel hybrid entropy encoder including both a two-stage Huffman and a Golomb-Rice coding. The VLSI architecture contains only 2.71 K gate counts and its core area is 33 929 μm2 synthesized by a 0.18 μm CMOS process. Moreover, this design can be operated at 100 MHz processing rate by consuming only 30 μW. It achieves an average compression rate of 2.56 for the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Compared with previous low-complexity and high-performance lossless ECG encoder studies, this design has a higher compression rate, lower power consumption and lower hardware cost than other VLSI designs.
References
-
-
1)
-
2. Manikandan, M.S., Dandapat, S.: ‘Effective quality-controlled SPIHT-based ECG coding strategy under noise environments’, Electron. Lett., 2008, 44, (20), pp. 1182–1183 (doi: 10.1049/el:20081319).
-
2)
-
4. Arnavut, Z.: ‘ECG signal compression based on Burrows-Wheeler transformation and inversion ranks of linear prediction’, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 2007, 54, (3), pp. 410–418 (doi: 10.1109/TBME.2006.888820).
-
3)
-
5. Chua, E., Fang, W.C.: ‘Mixed bio-signal lossless data compressor for portable brain-heart monitoring systems’, IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., 2011, 57, (1), pp. 267–273 (doi: 10.1109/TCE.2011.5735512).
-
4)
-
6. Chen, C.A., Chen, S.L., Huang, H.Y., Luo, C.H.: ‘An efficient micro control unit with a reconfigurable filter design for wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs)’, Sensors, 2012, 12, (12), pp. 16211–16227 (doi: 10.3390/s121216211).
-
5)
-
1. Chen, S.L., Lee, H.Y., Chen, C.A., Huang, H.Y., Luo, C.H.: ‘Wireless body sensor network with adaptive low power design for biometrics and healthcare applications’, IEEE Syst. J., 2009, 3, (4), pp. 398–409 (doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2009.2032440).
-
6)
-
3. Bendifallah, A., Benzid, R., Boulemden, M.: ‘Improved ECG compression method using discrete consine transform’, Electron. Lett., 2011, 47, (2), pp. 87–89 (doi: 10.1049/el.2010.3191).
-
7)
-
7. Chen, S.L., Wang, J.G.: ‘VLSI implementation of a low-power cost-efficient lossless ECG encoder design for wireless healthcare monitoring application’, Electron. Lett., 2013, 49, (2), pp. 91–93 (doi: 10.1049/el.2012.3505).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/el.2013.1692
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/el.2013.1692
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6