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Four years of Milan's road charge: effectiveness, acceptability and impacts

Four years of Milan's road charge: effectiveness, acceptability and impacts

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The city of Milan had introduced a form of cordon pricing to enter the city centre already in 2008. Originally, it was conceived as a pollution charge, aimed at reducing the polluting vehicles going into the most delicate area of the city, and only secondarily affecting the traffic volumes. That policy, whose effects declined over the years due to the fleet turnover, was substituted in 2012 with a genuine congestion charge, called `Area C'. The substitution came after a city referendum in June 2011. The chapter discusses the history of the policy and summarises the main outcomes, 5 years after implementation, in terms of traffic reduction, emissions and impact on user groups. A section is devoted to the description of the technology used and of the architecture of the system, entailing real time data exchange with the vehicle registry, the urban police and a number of payment systems. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the motivations behind the (unexpected) public and political acceptability of the policy and proposes some hints to transfer its experience to other cases.

Chapter Contents:

  • 19.1 Introduction
  • 19.2 Milan's road pricing
  • 19.3 Four years of Area C: consolidated effects
  • 19.3.1 Traffic reduction
  • 19.3.2 Vehicle mix
  • 19.3.3 Hourly trends
  • 19.3.4 Emissions
  • 19.3.5 Revenues and reinvestment
  • 19.3.6 Housing market
  • 19.4 Technological and organisational architecture
  • 19.4.1 The technological infrastructure
  • 19.4.2 The informative architecture
  • 19.4.3 Payment systems
  • 19.5 Acceptability
  • 19.5.1 The acceptability of pricing policies in the literature
  • 19.5.2 The results of the 2011 referendum
  • 19.5.3 Monetary impact on user groups
  • 19.6 Conclusions and lessons learned
  • 19.6.1 Summary of results
  • 19.6.2 What can be taken from Milan's experience?
  • 19.6.3 What cannot be taken from Milan experience?
  • References

Inspec keywords: intelligent transportation systems; air pollution control; road pricing (tolls)

Other keywords: Area C; vehicle registry; genuine congestion charge; polluting vehicles; city referendum; Milan road charge; urban police; traffic volumes; political acceptability; cordon pricing; pollution charge; traffic reduction; fleet turnover

Subjects: Traffic engineering computing

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