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Autonomous vehicles and shared mobility: shaping the future of urban transport

Autonomous vehicles and shared mobility: shaping the future of urban transport

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The fast pace of development of automated vehicles is being driven by a number of converging forces including self-driving technologies, mobile computing, and ondemand vehicle and ride sharing. The coming together of these powerful trends is shaping an urban mobility future inspired by a vision of zero road injuries and low carbon living. The introduction of self-driving vehicles will have major socioeconomic impacts on our society - some good and some bad. Although self-driving vehicles are expected to pave the way to drastic improvements in road safety and urban mobility, they can potentially have adverse impacts on the liveability of our cities if they are not planned as part of a holistic approach to promote low carbon mobility. This chapter provides an environmental scan and an objective review and analysis of the technological, social and economic impacts and trends surrounding (ultimately) autonomous vehicles, and how they are likely to influence the transport and mobility industries and marketplace now and into the future. The chapter also outlines the technological, societal and regulatory challenges that must be overcome before widespread adoption and deployment. The chapter gathers and collates information from a wide body of literature to help city planners, infrastructure engineers and other stakeholders in responding to the likely needs and impacts of this disruptive technology and to inform their policy positions in shaping the future of urban mobility.

Chapter Contents:

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Vehicle technologies and autonomous driving functions
  • 11.3 Levels of driving automation
  • 11.4 Timelines of deployment
  • 11.5 A cyber-physical system - how does the autonomous vehicle work?
  • 11.5.1 The autonomous vehicle brain - artificial intelligence algorithms
  • 11.6 Impact on road safety - the moral imperative
  • 11.6.1 Human interaction and transferring control between driver and vehicle
  • 11.7 Potential impacts
  • 11.7.1 Impacts on car ownership
  • 11.7.2 Impacts on vehicle sales
  • 11.7.3 Impacts on road users
  • 11.7.3.1 Passengers experience less stress and have more productive and leisure time
  • 11.7.3.2 Mobility options for an untapped market including the aged and younger people
  • 11.7.3.3 Impacts on pedestrians
  • 11.7.4 Impact on infrastructure and connected vehicle investments
  • 11.7.4.1 Impact on infrastructure investment
  • 11.7.5 Impact on intersection control and congestion on urban arterials
  • 11.7.6 Impact on mobility, parking, public spaces and congestion
  • 11.7.6.1 Modelling studies - agent-based frameworks
  • 11.7.6.2 Impacts of autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD)
  • 11.7.7 Impact on public transport
  • 11.7.7.1 Potential changes in the role of public transport
  • 11.7.8 Impacts of autonomous vehicles on active transport
  • 11.7.9 Impact on jobs and labour
  • 11.7.10 Impact on the environment and pollutants emissions
  • 11.7.10.1 Impacts of fleets of shared autonomous vehicles
  • 11.7.10.2 Impacts of fleets of autonomous electric taxis
  • 11.7.10.3 The energy and carbon impact of highly automated vehicles
  • 11.7.11 Impact on vehicle insurance and other industries
  • 11.7.12 Liability - who is responsible?
  • 11.8 Opportunities for new business models
  • 11.8.1 Collaborative mobility
  • 11.9 Public attitudes to autonomous vehicles: an international perspective
  • 11.10 Ethical challenges
  • 11.10.1 The nature of the dilemma
  • 11.10.2 Safe versus legal
  • 11.11 Regulations
  • 11.12 Summary and conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Glossary
  • Further Reading

Inspec keywords: public transport; injuries; mobile robots; road vehicles; road safety

Other keywords: road safety; urban transport; self-driving vehicles; road injuries; urban mobility; autonomous vehicles; shared mobility; automated vehicles; low carbon mobility

Subjects: Mobile robots; Road-traffic system control

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