Shared mobility-the shared use of a vehicle, bicycle, or other mode-is an innovative transportation strategy that enables users to gain short-term access to transportation modes on an “as-needed”basis. Shared mobility includes various forms of carsharing, bikesharing, ridesharing, for-hire driver services, and microtransit. In addition, smartphone and mobile “apps”aggregate and optimize these mobility services and are critical to many shared mobility modes. Courier network services connect couriers using their personal vehicles or bicycles with freight and seek to disrupt the existing package and food delivery industry. The emergence of automated vehicles into shared mobility could further transform the passenger and freight transportation system, with greater emphasis on shared mobility. This chapter describes the different models that have emerged in the shared mobility space and reviews research that has quantified the environmental, social, and transportation-related impacts of these services. The authors also project future trends as automated vehicles begin to emerge.

Chapter Contents:

• Abstract
• Keywords
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.1.1 Shared mobility and the sharing economy
• 10.2 Carsharing
• 10.2.1 Roundtrip carsharing
• 10.2.2 One-way carsharing
• 10.2.3 Personal vehicle sharing
• 10.2.3.1 Peer-to-peer carsharing
• 10.2.3.2 Hybrid P2P-roundtrip carsharing
• 10.2.3.3 P2P marketplace
• 10.2.3.4 Fractional ownership
• 10.3 Scooter sharing
• 10.4 Bikesharing
• 10.5 Ridesharing
• 10.6 For-hire driver services
• 10.6.1 Ridesourcing
• 10.6.2 Ridesplitting or pooling
• 10.6.3 e-Hail services
• 10.7 Microtransit
• 10.7.1 Fixed routes and fixed scheduling
• 10.7.2 Flexible routes and on-demand scheduling
• 10.8 Courier network services
• 10.8.1 P2P delivery services
• 10.8.2 Paired on-demand passenger ride and courier services
• 10.9 Future of shared mobility
• 10.9.1 Mobility-related smartphone apps
• 10.9.1.1 Single-mode trip planning
• 10.9.1.2 Multimodal trip aggregators
• 10.9.1.3 Gamification
• 10.9.1.4 Impact on travel behavior
• 10.9.2 Impact of automated vehicles on shared mobility
• 10.9.3 Mobility as a service
• 10.10 Conclusion
• Acknowledgment
• References
• Glossary
• Further Reading

Inspec keywords: transportation; social sciences; environmental factors

Other keywords: shared mobility; social impacts; automated vehicles; environmental impacts; sharing economy; transportation-related impacts

Subjects: Environmental issues; Social and political issues