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Multipath

Multipath

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Multipath affects the desired signal by distorting both the phase and the amplitude. This can result in a lost signal or a distortion in the TOA of the desired signal. Multipath is divided into two categories: specular and diffuse. Specular multipath generally affects the system the most, resulting in more errors. Diffuse multipath is more noise-like and is generally much lower in power. The Rayleigh criterion is used to determine if the diffuse multipath needs to be included in the analysis. The curvature of the earth can affect the analysis for very long-distance multipath. One of the ways to reduce the effects of multipath is to use leading edge tracking so that most of the multipath is ignored. Some approaches for determining multipath effects include vector analysis and power summation. Several methods of multipath mitigation were discussed, including using multiple antennas for antenna diversity.

Chapter Contents:

  • 7.1 Basic types of multipath
  • 7.2 Specular reflection on a smooth surface
  • 7.3 Specular reflection on a rough surface
  • 7.4 Diffuse reflection
  • 7.5 Curvature of the earth
  • 7.6 Pulse systems (radar)
  • 7.7 Vector analysis approach
  • 7.8 Multipath mitigation techniques
  • 7.8.1 Antenna diversity
  • 7.9 Summary
  • 7.10 Problems
  • Further reading

Inspec keywords: multipath channels; Rayleigh channels; antennas

Other keywords: multiple antennas; power summation; specular multipath; multipath effects; vector analysis; TOA; multipath mitigation; diffuse multipath; multipath transmission path; antenna diversity; edge tracking; Rayleigh criterion

Subjects: Radio links and equipment; Single antennas

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