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The receiver

The receiver

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The receiver is responsible for downconverting, demodulating, decoding, and unformatting the data received over the link with the required sensitivity and bit error rate (BER) according to the link budget analysis of Chapter 1. The receiver is responsible for providing the dynamic range (DR) to cover the expected range and power variations and to prevent saturation from larger power inputs and provide the sensitivity for low-level signals. The receiver provides detection and synchronization of the incoming signals to retrieve the data sent by the transmitter. The receiver section is also responsible for despreading the signal when spread spectrum signals are used. The main purpose of the receiver is to take the smallest input signal, the minimum detectable signal (MDS), at the input of the receiver and amplify that signal to the smallest detection level at the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) while maintaining a maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A typical block diagram of a receiver is shown in Figure 3.1. Each of the blocks will be discussed in more detail.

Chapter Contents:

  • 3.1 Superheterodyne receiver
  • 3.2 Basic functions of the receiver
  • 3.3 Receiver antenna
  • 3.4 Transmit/receive device
  • 3.5 Image reject filter
  • 3.6 Low-noise amplifier
  • 3.7 RF downconverter
  • 3.8 Mixers
  • 3.8.1 Mixer spur analysis—level of spurious responses and intermods
  • 3.8.2 Sixth-order analysis
  • 3.8.3 High-level or low-level mixers
  • 3.8.4 High-side or low-side injection
  • 3.9 Automatic gain control
  • 3.10 IF downconverter
  • 3.11 Splitting signals into multiple bands for processing
  • 3.12 Bandwidth considerations
  • 3.13 Phase noise
  • 3.14 Filter characteristics
  • 3.15 Group delay
  • 3.16 Analog-to-digital converter
  • 3.17 Sampling theorem and aliasing
  • 3.18 Dynamic range/minimum detectable signal
  • 3.19 Types of DR
  • 3.19.1 Amplitude DR
  • 3.19.2 Frequency DR
  • 3.19.3 Single-tone frequency DR
  • 3.19.4 Two-tone frequency DR
  • 3.20 Second-and third-order intermodulation products
  • 3.21 Calculating two-tone frequency DR
  • 3.22 System DR
  • 3.23 Sensitivity
  • 3.24 Digital signal processor
  • 3.25 Summary
  • 3.26 Problems
  • Further reading

Inspec keywords: decoding; error statistics; signal detection; analogue-digital conversion; spread spectrum communication; radio receivers

Other keywords: MDS; receiver; data demodulation; minimum detectable signal; data decoding; data unformatting; dynamic range; synchronization; signal-to-noise ratio; low-level signals; analog-to-digital converter; SNR; link budget analysis; bit error rate; transmitter; signal detection level; data downcoversion; ADC; power variations; spread spectrum signals; BER

Subjects: Other topics in statistics; A/D and D/A convertors; Codes; Signal detection; Radio links and equipment

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