This chapter, the techniques of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and network MIMO are studied. First, massive MIMO is compared with the conventional point-to-point MIMO used in current cellular systems in terms of capacity and energy efficiency. The comparison shows that massive MIMO has huge gains even under the modest conditions using simple linear processing. Then, the implementation of massive MIMO is discussed by focusing on the channel estimation method, the signal detection method and the precoding method. Following this, several main issues in massive MIMO are examined and relevant measures are discussed. Finally, network MIMO is studied by introducing cooperation between base stations to completely remove the inter-cell interference, at the cost of even higher complexity that places limits on the backhaul and fronthaul links.

Chapter Contents:

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Benefits of massive MIMO
• 2.2.1 Point-to-point MIMO
• 2.2.2 Massive MIMO
• 2.3 Techniques in massive MIMO
• 2.3.1 Channel estimation in uplink
• 2.3.2 Detection in uplink
• 2.3.3 Precoding in downlink
• 2.4 Issues in massive MIMO
• 2.4.1 Pilot contamination
• 2.4.2 Channel reciprocity
• 2.4.3 Favorable propagation
• 2.5 Network MIMO
• 2.6 Conclusion
• References

Inspec keywords: MIMO communication; channel estimation; telecommunication power management; signal detection; interference suppression; radiofrequency interference; cellular radio; precoding; energy conservation

Other keywords: simple linear processing; signal detection method; massive multiple-input-multiple-output network; capacity efficiency; current cellular system; energy efficiency; channel estimation method; massive MIMO network; point-to-point MIMO network; base station; precoding method; intercell interference removal

Subjects: Electromagnetic compatibility and interference; Communication channel equalisation and identification; Mobile radio systems; Codes; Signal detection; Telecommunication systems (energy utilisation)