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Adaptive beamforming for jammer suppression

Adaptive beamforming for jammer suppression

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Military radar applications must generally take into account hostile counter-measures in the form of irradiation of interference signals from jammers, which emit different waveforms occupying the frequency band of our own radar as an electronic countermeasure (ECM). Usually for the investigation of counter-measures against this threat the assumed interference waveform is noise. The signal-to-noise ratio for target echoes at the output of the radar receiver would be dramatically decreased by this interference and target detection would be impossible or a lot of false alarms generated. Therefore we have to develop adequate electronic counter countermeasures (ECCMs) to maintain the operation of our radar. One common technique is to spread our own frequency band by changing the operating frequency using a random pattern for the frequency selection. This technique is named frequency agility. We thus force the enemy also to spread their noise power over a wider frequency band and therefore the spectral power density of the jammer in our receiver is minimised.

Chapter Contents:

  • 10.1 Deterministic generation of pattern notches
  • 10.1.1 LMS weighting
  • 10.1.2 Multiple beam approach
  • 10.1.3 Limit for number of notches
  • 10.2 Adaptive jammer suppression
  • 10.2.1 Optimal processing
  • 10.2.2 Illustration with a model
  • 10.2.3 Orthogonalisation and eigenmatrix projection
  • 10.3 Antenna architecture for adaptation
  • 10.3.1 Adaptation before beamforming
  • 10.3.2 Adaptive beamforming with subarrays
  • 10.4 Adaptation algorithms
  • 10.4.1 Sample matrix estimation
  • 10.4.2 Projection methods
  • 10.4.3 Channel errors
  • 10.4.4 Weighted projection: lean matrix inversion method
  • 10.5 Realisation aspects
  • 10.6 Experiments with the ELRA system
  • 10.7 Robustness against jammer motion
  • 10.8 Phase-only adaptive beamforming
  • 10.9 Conclusions
  • References

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