Wind turbines are complex and nonlinear dynamic systems driven by stochastic wind disturbances together with gravitational, centrifugal and gyroscopic forces. The aerodynamic of wind turbines is nonlinear, unsteady and complex. The rotor of a wind turbine is subjected to complicated turbulent wind inflow and periodic gravity loading that drives fatigue loads. The rotation of rotor adds even more complexity to the dynamic model. Hence, wind turbine modeling is challenging and complex. The design of control algorithms for wind turbines must account for these complexities. The models used for control design purposes must contain enough degrees of freedom (DOFs) to capture the most important turbine dynamics without being too complex.

Chapter Contents:

• 5.1 A state-of-the-art wind turbine controller
• 5.2 Design of controllers for load reduction in wind turbines
• 5.2.1 Individual pitch controller
• 5.2.2 Effective wind speed estimation
• 5.2.2.1 Estimation of rotor speed and aerodynamic torque
• 5.2.2.2 Calculation of effective wind speed based on the Newton–Raphson method
• 5.2.3 Feedforward feedback controller based on the effective wind speed estimation
• 5.2.3.1 Control structure and wind speed extrapolation
• 5.2.3.2 Implementation example
• 5.3 Drivetrain damping
• 5.3.1 Traditional drivetrain damping
• 5.3.2 Model-based drivetrain active vibration damping
• 5.3.3 Sensorless generator control techniques for drivetrain
• References

Inspec keywords: nonlinear dynamical systems; wind turbines; rotors (mechanical); power generation control

Other keywords: wind turbine system advanced control; complex and nonlinear dynamic systems; periodic gravity loading; centrifugal forces; control algorithms design; complicated turbulent; DOF; degrees of freedom; gyroscopic forces; dynamic model; wind turbine modeling; stochastic wind disturbances; fatigue loads

Subjects: Wind power plants; Power system control; Control of electric power systems