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Monitoring of power transformers by mechanical oscillations

Monitoring of power transformers by mechanical oscillations

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Condition-based asset management is gaining importance, which leads to a prospering of power transformer monitoring. Different methods, for example the dissolved-gas-analysis and oil-aging evaluation, partial discharge measurements and also frequency response analysis have been established to determine the status of the transformer's electric insulation and windings. The last part of this chapter correlates vibrations to direct current (DC) components running through transformers' grounded star points impacting the magnetic operational status. In addition, vibration measurements are used to estimate the resulting changes of transformer's noise due to DC which gains importance for power transformers and in particular low-noise transformers.

Chapter Contents:

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Physics of mechanical oscillations
  • 6.2.1 Oscillations of the core
  • 6.2.2 Oscillations of the windings
  • 6.3 Measurement of vibrations
  • 6.3.1 Comparison of tank wall and in-oil measurement
  • 6.4 Sensitivity of surface tank measurements
  • 6.4.1 Laboratory setup
  • 6.4.2 Field test: sensor positions
  • 6.5 Superimposing effects on tank wall measurements
  • 6.5.1 Effects of on-load tap-changer position
  • 6.5.2 Effects of transformer load and operating temperature
  • 6.6 Practical case studies
  • 6.6.1 Mechanical oscillations over time
  • 6.7 Behaviour of mechanical oscillations at DC superimposition
  • 6.7.1 DC-coupling path into power transformers
  • 6.7.2 Saturation and its effect on magnetostriction
  • 6.7.3 Test setup for DC superimposed effects
  • 6.7.4 DC-detection using vibration measurement
  • 6.7.5 Dependency of DC-driven vibration and transformer noise
  • 6.7.6 Case study on transformers impacted by DC
  • 6.8 Conclusion
  • References

Inspec keywords: transformer windings; power transformer insulation; asset management; oscillations; vibration measurement; earthing

Other keywords: transformer winding; dissolved-gas-analysis; oil-aging evaluation; partial discharge measurement; mechanical oscillation; frequency response analysis; low-noise transformer; magnetic operational status; grounded star point; condition-based asset management; vibration measurement; electric insulation; power transformer monitoring

Subjects: Power system protection; Mechanical variables measurement; Insulation and insulating coatings; Transformers and reactors

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