The plug-in vehicles are one of the new participants in power systems. Mass roll-out of plug-in vehicles, on one hand, will significantly challenge the existing power system scheduling strategies and infrastructures. On the other hand, it will also create many opportunities for power-system operators or users. The aggregated energy capacity of a large number of plug-in vehicles can provide ancillary services to improve power system reliability and power quality, in addition to the environmental benefits in reducing emissions from the transportation sector. Advanced control and optimisation methods have been utilised to integrate plug-in vehicles with smart grid by providing optimal charging and discharging profiles. In this chapter, the key features of plug-in vehicles and their impacts on the grid are firstly detailed, followed by the review of state-of-the-art optimisation and control techniques which have been used in the plug-in vehicles scheduling. Then, a case study of unit commitment integrating plug-in vehicles is presented and numerical results are illustrated.

Chapter Contents:

• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Modelling of plug-in electric vehicle for smart grid
• 11.2.1 Categories of electric vehicles
• 11.2.2 Modelling of key components of plug-in electric vehicles
• 11.2.3 Foundation of plug-in vehicle facilities for smart grid integration
• 11.3 Control and optimisation techniques for plug-in vehicle integration with grid
• 11.3.1 Objectives and constraints
• 11.3.2 Control and optimisation tools
• 11.4 Unit commitment with plug-in vehicle integration: a case study
• 11.4.1 Problem formulation
• 11.4.2 Methodology
• 11.4.3 Numerical study
• 11.5 Conclusion
• Symbols and abbreviations
• Acknowledgements
• References

Inspec keywords: environmental factors; power supply quality; power generation reliability; optimisation; power generation scheduling; transportation; smart power grids; electric vehicle charging

Other keywords: power quality improvement; power system operators; energy capacity; plug-in vehicles; optimal charging profiles; power system infrastructures; power system scheduling strategies; emission reduction; smart grid; optimisation methods; advanced control; unit commitment; power system reliability improvement; transportation sector; optimal discharging profiles

Subjects: Optimisation techniques; Transportation; Power system management, operation and economics; Environmental factors; Reliability