Developments and advances in technologies and systems for cogeneration and district energy, and related technologies such as trigeneration, multigeneration and distributed energy systems, are described, drawing extensively on recent and ongoing research and development activities throughout the world. Such advances help predict how the technologies will perform and be utilized in the future. Many of the advances involve renewable energy and advanced technologies such as energy storage, fuel cells and new HVAC devices, and utilize advanced methods such as exergy analysis. The material is loosely divided and organized for convenience, with the first part focusing on technical and related factors for cogeneration and extended cogeneration, heating and cooling, district energy, and integrated systems for cogeneration and district energy. The second part is centered on advances related to the economics of systems and technologies related to cogeneration and district energy, while the third part addresses environmental impact and climate change aspects of cogeneration and district energy and how the technologies can mitigate them. The final part describes advances regarding the optimization of systems related to cogeneration and district energy.

Chapter Contents:

• Overview
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Cogeneration and extended cogeneration
• 12.2.1 Cogeneration
• 12.2.2 Trigeneration and multigeneration
• 12.3 Heating and cooling
• 12.3.1 Heating
• 12.3.2 Cooling
• 12.4 District energy
• 12.5 Integrated systems for cogeneration and district energy
• 12.6 Economics of systems and technologies related to cogeneration and district energy
• 12.6.1 Economics of heating and cooling
• 12.6.2 Economics of district energy
• 12.6.3 Economics of cogeneration
• 12.6.4 Economics of trigeneration and multigeneration
• 12.6.5 Economics of cogeneration-based district energy
• 12.7 Reducing environmental impact and climate change with cogeneration and district energy
• 12.7.1 Heating, cooling and district energy
• 12.7.2 Cogeneration and related systems
• 12.7.3 Trigeneration and related systems
• 12.7.4 Cogeneration-based district energy systems
• 12.8 Optimization of systems related to cogeneration and district energy
• 12.8.1 Optimization of distributed energy systems
• 12.8.2 Optimization of cogeneration systems
• 12.8.3 Optimization of extended cogeneration systems
• 12.8.4 Optimization of district energy systems
• 12.8.5 Optimization of systems integrating cogeneration or trigeneration and district energy
• 12.8.5.1 Optimization of systems integrating cogeneration and district energy
• 12.8.5.2 Optimization of systems integrating extended cogeneration and district energy
• 12.9 Closure

Inspec keywords: climate mitigation; cogeneration; renewable energy sources; cooling; district heating; power generation economics

Other keywords: trigeneration; HVAC devices; renewable energy; multigeneration; climate change; district energy; environmental impact; exergy analysis; distributed energy systems; energy storage; fuel cells; cogeneration; heating; cooling; system economics

Subjects: Thermal power stations and plants; Space heating; Power system management, operation and economics