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Key concepts [microgrids]

Key concepts [microgrids]

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Microgrids can operate connected or isolated from a larger or main power system. The microgrid interconnected to a large-scale commercial power system depends, in many aspects, on the interconnected system. The author believes that the study of an independent microgrid is a good method to develop various interconnected microgrids. The key concepts, in a microgrid, are better presented as examples, highlighting the main aspects and characteristics of this type of small grids. Therefore, this chapter describes an example of a microgrid with a fuel cell combined cycle first. Next, the case of a microgrid with interconnected coal gasification fuel cell power generation and pumped hydropower generation is described.

Chapter Contents:

  • 2.1 Introduction: key concepts
  • 2.2 Dynamic-characteristics analysis of an independent microgrid with an SOFC triple combined cycle
  • 2.2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2.2 System configuration
  • 2.2.2.1 SOFC triple combined cycle (SOFC-TCC)
  • 2.2.2.2 Dynamic characteristics of independent microgrid
  • 2.2.3 Modelling of equipment
  • 2.2.3.1 Solid oxide fuel cell
  • 2.2.3.2 Gas turbine system
  • 2.2.3.3 Steam turbine
  • 2.2.3.4 Heat exchange
  • 2.2.3.5 Photovoltaics
  • 2.2.4 System configuration of SOFC triple combined cycle
  • 2.2.4.1 System configuration and control method
  • 2.2.4.2 Power controls and frequency changes
  • 2.2.5 Analysis conditions
  • 2.2.5.1 Equipment specifications and time constant
  • 2.2.5.2 Parameters of PID control equipment
  • 2.2.6 Dynamic-characteristics analysis of an SOFC
  • 2.2.7 Dynamic characteristics of SOFC triple combined cycle (SOFC-TCC)
  • 2.2.7.1 SOFC, G/T, load distribution of S/T
  • 2.2.7.2 Load response characteristics
  • 2.2.7.3 Load response characteristics with photovoltaics
  • 2.2.8 Conclusions
  • 2.3 Performance evaluation of an independent microgrid comprising an integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle, large-scale photovoltaics and a pumped-storage power station
  • 2.3.1 Introduction
  • 2.3.2 Materials and methods
  • 2.3.2.1 Overview of the system
  • 2.3.2.2 Output model for the IGFC
  • 2.3.2.3 Method of analysis
  • 2.3.2.4 Expression of relations
  • 2.3.2.5 Flow of the analysis algorithm
  • 2.3.3 Example of the proposed microgrid analysis
  • 2.3.3.1 IGFC and conventional IGCC
  • 2.3.3.2 Conditions for analysis
  • 2.3.3.3 Cost
  • 2.3.3.4 Electric power supply pattern
  • 2.3.4 Results of analysis and discussions
  • 2.3.4.1 Power generation characteristics
  • 2.3.4.2 Operation of the microgrid with the IGFC, large-scale photovoltaics and PSPG
  • 2.3.5 Conclusion
  • Nomenclature
  • References

Inspec keywords: power system interconnection; distributed power generation

Other keywords: fuel cell combined cycle; large-scale commercial power system interconnection; interconnected microgrids; interconnected coal gasification fuel cell power generation; pumped hydropower generation

Subjects: Distributed power generation; Power system management, operation and economics

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