In this chapter, we describe a decentralized model of future grid, formulate a problem to maximize real-time renewable integration, and introduce approaches for solving the problem in a decentralized manner.

Chapter Contents:

• 5.1 Introduction to future smart grid
• 5.2 Hybrid model of centralized resource management and decentralized grid control
• 5.2.1 Centralized resource management
• 5.2.1.1 Cloud computing for smart grid
• 5.2.1.2 Internet of Things devices
• 5.2.2 Decentralized grid control
• 5.3 Graph modeling
• 5.4 Maximizing real-time renewable integration
• 5.5 General decentralized approaches
• 5.6 Distributed nodal approach
• 5.6.1 Initialize
• 5.6.2 Send
• 5.6.3 Receive
• 5.6.4 Compare
• 5.6.5 Optimize
• 5.6.6 Notify
• 5.6.7 Confirm
• 5.6.8 StandBy
• 5.7 Distributed clustering approach
• 5.7.1 Tie-set graph theory and its application to distributed systems
• 5.7.1.1 Fundamental system of tie-sets
• 5.7.1.2 Tie-set graph
• 5.7.1.3 Tie-set Information Li
• 5.7.1.4 Communications among tie-sets
• 5.7.1.5 Tie-set Agent
• 5.7.1.6 Tie-set Evaluation Function
• 5.7.2 Tie-set Based Optimization Algorithm
• 5.8 Case study of decentralized grid control
• 5.9 Simulation and experiments
• 5.9.1 Energy stimulus response
• 5.9.2 Convergence with different renewable penetration rates
• 5.9.3 Comparison of TBO and DLP
• 5.10 Summary
• Bibliography

Inspec keywords: power grids

Other keywords: decentralized models; real-time renewable integration; future grid

Subjects: Power systems