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Speckle physics

Speckle physics

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In this chapter, we will discuss the basic physical origins of speckle and present different, but related, mathematical descriptions of speckle in simple model systems. We will start from a general description of scattered waves as phasors, deriving first-order statistics applicable to both laser speckle and ultrasound speckle. Subsequently, we discuss the correspondences and differences between laser speckle and ultrasound speckle, before presenting higher order statistics and imaging implications in an ultrasound context. We also introduce the impact of the imaging system characteristics on speckle appearance and statistics.

Chapter Contents:

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Speckle observations
  • 2.2.1 Speckle in optics
  • 2.2.2 Mapping optical speckle concepts to ultrasonic imaging
  • 2.3 Speckle as a 2D random walk
  • 2.3.1 First-order statistics
  • 2.3.2 Sums of speckle patterns
  • 2.3.3 Speckle pattern plus a nonrandom phasor
  • 2.3.4 Nonuniform phase distribution
  • 2.4 Speckle in ultrasonic imaging
  • 2.4.1 Random ultrasound scattering in 1D
  • 2.4.2 Second-order speckle statistics in ultrasound
  • 2.4.3 Partially developed speckle and speckle from few scatterers
  • 2.5 Effect of postprocessing on first-and second-order statistics
  • 2.6 Summary
  • Acknowledgments
  • References

Inspec keywords: biomedical ultrasonics; speckle; ultrasonic scattering; higher order statistics

Other keywords: speckle physics; first-order statistics; imaging system; ultrasound speckle; higher order statistics; ultrasound context; phasors; laser speckle; scattered waves

Subjects: Sonic and ultrasonic applications; Sonic and ultrasonic radiation (medical uses); Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation; Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics; Sonic and ultrasonic radiation (biomedical imaging/measurement); Other topics in statistics

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