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Monolithically integrated optoelectronic biosensors for point-of-need applications

Monolithically integrated optoelectronic biosensors for point-of-need applications

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In this chapter, the main categories of integrated optical sensors that is grating-couplers, interferometers, photonic crystals, microring resonators, slot waveguides or silicon wires will be discussed. Emphasis will be given to the analytical performance of these sensors upon their application in clinical diagnostics, food analysis schemes or environmental monitoring. Finally, the attempts to build up lab-on-chips or portable devices for application of these sensors at the point-of-need will be mentioned. The comparison of the various types of sensors will be performed using the detection sensitivity and in particular the limit of detection (LOD) as figures of merit. The LOD is referred to the lowest amount of analyte that the sensor can detect as a signal distinguishable from the measurement noise. Usually, the LOD is expressed as refractive index units (RIU) or as surface mass density (g mm-2). It can be also expressed as analyte concentration, although this value could complicate the comparison between different sensors which have been evaluated using different analytes or recognition molecules with different affinity constants. Therefore, whenever applicable, the first two expressions of LOD are preferable to be employed as a more objective performance criterion.

Chapter Contents:

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Integrated optical sensors
  • 8.2.1 Grating-coupled waveguide sensors
  • 8.2.2 Microring resonators
  • 8.2.3 Photonic crystal waveguides
  • 8.2.4 Integrated interferometers
  • 8.2.5 Silicon nanowires, slot waveguides and other sensor configurations
  • 8.3 Monolithically integrated optoelectronic transducers
  • 8.4 Conclusion and outlook
  • References

Inspec keywords: micro-optomechanical devices; optical resonators; integrated optoelectronics; bioMEMS; light interferometers; patient diagnosis; optical waveguides; portable instruments; refractive index; optical sensors; silicon; optical couplers; photonic crystals; biosensors; lab-on-a-chip; elemental semiconductors; microsensors; diffraction gratings; biomedical equipment; micromechanical resonators

Other keywords: microring resonators; measurement noise; lab-on-chips; analyte concentration; slot waveguides; interferometers; point-of-need applications; food analysis; monolithically integrated optoelectronic biosensors; Si; clinical diagnostics; molecule recognition; silicon wires; environmental monitoring; refractive index units; portable devices; grating-couplers; surface mass density; integrated optical sensors; photonic crystals

Subjects: Optical waveguides and couplers; Biosensors; Optical waveguides; Micro-optical devices and technology; Optical instruments and techniques; Photonic bandgap materials; Bench and portable instruments; Biosensors; MEMS and NEMS device technology; Optical interferometry; Optical and laser radiation (medical uses); Optical and laser radiation (biomedical imaging/measurement); Micromechanical and nanomechanical devices and systems; Microsensors and nanosensors; Micro-optical devices and technology; Integrated optoelectronics; Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation; Gratings, echelles; Optical materials

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