A variety of methods have been applied to the problem of path loss in real environments, natural or man-made. A number of methods have been parametric in the sense that a few parameters describe the path loss based on experimental results, thus yielding fast results for network planning. Others have been more based on simple modelling, like a few knife-edges, and then treated by approximate methods. Recently, there has been some interest in a more accurate, deterministic modelling of the environment, especially for indoor and microcell situations. First, the outdoor above-rooftop case will be treated in the urban environment, followed by the rural case and the indoor environment. Additionally, the time-domain response as well as the angular response are treated since they are important for wideband systems and for the use of adaptive antennas.

Inspec keywords: radiowave propagation; indoor radio; telecommunication network planning; microcellular radio

Other keywords: network planning; path loss; indoor situation; propagation modelling; urban environment; wideband systems; outdoor above-rooftop situation; angular response; time-domain response; microcell situation; adaptive antennas

Subjects: Radiowave propagation