In this chapter, the following characteristics of waves and plasmas in ionosphere are discussed. (1) Plane waves. (2) Propagation in a dispersive medium. (3) Propagation in an anisotropic medium. (4) Wave packets. (5) Phase paths and packet paths. (6) Electromagnetic waves. (7) Plasma frequencies. (8) Gryrofrequencies. (9) The Debye length and (10) Motions of ions in crossed electric and magnetic fields.

Inspec keywords: ionospheric electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation

Other keywords: packet paths; Debye length; electromagnetic waves; anisotropic medium; wave packets; magnetic field; plasma frequencies; gryrofrequencies; ionosphere; radiowave propagation; plane waves; electric field; dispersive medium; phase paths

Subjects: Ionospheric electromagnetic wave propagation